Izinto zokwakha ikakhulukazi i-carbon steel ne-alloy steel, ilandelwa i-aluminium, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-titanium nama-alloys ayo. Isimo sangempela sezinto ezibonakalayo ibha, ingot, impushana yensimbi nensimbi ewuketshezi. Isilinganiso sendawo ye-cross-sectional yensimbi ngaphambi nangemuva kokuguqulwa ucingo...
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