⑴ Ukuqedwa komhlaba
Ingaphezulu lensimbi ngokushisa okusheshayo ekushiseni okubucayi okungenhla, kepha ukushisa akubanga nesikhathi sokusakazeka ngaphambi kokuphola okusheshayo, kanti umnyombo ongaphezulu ungavulwa izinguquko zeMartensitic, kanti umnyombo awuzange uchitheke uguquko lwesigaba, olungaphansi komhlaba kanye nomgogodla ongashintshiwe. Ilungele i-carbon yensimbi ephakathi.

Ukwelashwa okushisa kwamakhemikhali:
Kubhekiswa kuma-athomu we-chemic element, ngekhono le-athomu yokushisa kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakheka kwensimbi engaphezulu kwenqubo ethile yenqubo yenhlangano kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo yokwelashwa okushisa. Ngokwezinhlobo zezinto zokungena ngaphakathi, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali kungahlukaniswa ngokuzikhandla, i-nitriding, i-cranidation kanye nomthetho wensimbi.
I-Carburshing: I-Carburshing yinqubo ama-athomu e-carbon angena kuwo ungqimba lwensimbi. Futhi ukwenza umsebenzi wensimbi ephansi ye-carbon nge-lightive carbon steel ebusweni ungqimba, bese ngemuva kokucima phansi okushisa kancane, ukuze ungqimba oluphansi lomsebenzi lube nobulukhuni obukhulu futhi lugqoke ubulukhuni lwensimbi yensimbi ephansi.
I-nitriding, noma i-nitriding, yinqubo yile nhlanganisela yensimbi engena kuwo i-nitrogen athomu. Inhloso ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni futhi ugqoke ukumelana kwesendlalelo esingaphezulu futhi uthuthukise amandla okukhathala nokuphikiswa kokugqwala. Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa indlela ye-nitring yegesi ekukhiqizweni.
I-Carnidation, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-carbonitrididing, ukufakwa ngasikhathi sinye ama-athomu e-carbon kanye ne-nitrogen kube ngensimbi. Kwenza ingaphezulu le-carburshing yensimbi kanye nezimpawu ze-nitring.
Ukungena kwensimbi: kubhekiselwa ekufundeni kwama-athomu wensimbi kungqimba yensimbi engaphezulu. Kwenza ungqimba olungaphezulu lwensimbi yensimbi, ukuze wenze indawo yokusebenza inensimbi yensimbi, izici zensimbi ezikhethekile, ukumelana nokuvikelwa kokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwayiza, i-boroning, i-silicon nokunye.