Ukubuyekezwa kokwenza izinkinga zekhwalithi kungumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi obanzi, ongachazwa ngokuya ngembangela yamaphutha, umthwalo wezemfanelo wamaphutha, kanye nendawo yeziphene, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukubahlukanisa.

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1) iziphambeko ezibangelwa izinto ezingavuthiwe. . . (3) Kunezinkinga ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezivuthiwe.

2) Amaphutha abangelwa ukufihla afaka: indawo yokuphela evuthayo, umugqa wokuphela, ubude obunganele, ukuqhekeka kokuphela, ukuphela kwe-burr, njll.

3) Amaphutha adalwa ukufudumeza afaka ukuqhekeka, i-oxidation kanye nokukhiqizwa, ukushisa ngokweqile, ukushiswa ngokweqile nokushisa okungekho emthethweni, njll.

4) amaphutha ngaphakathiukuthethelelaFaka phakathi imifantu, amafolda, imigodi yokuphela, usayizi olwanele nokwakheka, kanye neziphambeko ezingaphezulu, njll.

5) Amaphutha adalwa ukupholisa nokushisa ngemuva kokushisa ngemuvaUkubandakanya kufaka phakathi: Ukuqhekeka kanye ne-White Spot, i-deformation, ukungafani kwe-Hardeness noma okusanhlamvu okunamabala, njll.

(2) Ngokusho kwesikweletu sezinkinga

1) Ikhwalithi ehlobene nenqubo yokwakha kanye ne-Tool Design - Ikhwalithi yokwakhiwa (ubungako bokwakha umklamo). Ngaphambi kokufakwa ekukhiqizweni, onjiniyela kanye nochwepheshe bazoguqula imidwebo yomkhiqizo ibeUkudonswa kwemidwebo, Yenza amasu enqubo, ukuklama ithuluzi futhi ukulungisa iphutha. Zonke izindlela zokukhiqiza zilungele ngaphambi kokuthi zidluliselwe ekukhiqizeni okusemthethweni. Phakathi kwazo, ikhwalithi yenqubo yokuklama kanye nokuthobela kanye nekhwalithi yokukhokhiswa yamathuluzi ithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokwakha.

2) Ikhwalithi ehlobene nokuphathwa kokuphathwa - Ikhwalithi Yokuphatha.UkuthethelelaIsiphambeko sekhwalithi esibangelwa yimishini embi kanye nenkinga yokuxhumeka kwenqubo. Sonke isixhumanisi senqubo yokukhiqiza kungathinta izici zekhwalithi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula zonke izixhumanisi zokukhiqiza kusuka ekukhetheni kwezinto ezivuthiwe ekwelashweni ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukwelashwa okushisa kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

3) Ikhwalithi ehlobene nenqubo yokukhiqiza - Ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza. Ukwenza iphutha lekhwalithi elibangelwa ukusebenza okungahambisani noma umthwalo wobuthakathaka we-opharetha.

4) ikhwalithi ehlobeneInqubo yokuhlola- Ikhwalithi yokuhlola. Abasebenzi bokuhlola kufanele bafeze ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile nokucophelela ukuvimbela ukuhlola okungekho.

(3) Ngokusho kwendawo yeziphene, kunezici zangaphandle, izilima zangaphakathi kanye nezici zangasese.

1) ubukhulu kanye nokuphambuka kwesisindo: (1) I-margin yokusika kufanele igcinwe incane ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Conforting ingacutshungulwa yaba izingxenye ezifanele; (2) ubukhulu, ukwakheka kanye nokunemba kwesikhundla, kubhekisele ekuthethelweni kobukhulu bangaphandle kanye nokwakheka kanye nesikhundla esivunyelwe ukuphambuka; Ukuphambuka kwesisindo.

2) Ikhwalithi ye-Intrinsic: Izidingo zesakhiwo se-metallographic, amandla noma ubunzima bokuthi ngemuva kokwelashwa okushisa (yize ezinye izinkomba zingenazo ukwelashwa okushisa, kepha kukhona nezidingo zekhwalithi ezingokwemvelo), kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezinye izidingo zekhwalithi.

3) Ikhwalithi ephezulu: ibhekisele emaphutheni angaphezulu, ikhwalithi yokuhlanza indawo yokuhlanza indawo yokulwa nokulwa nokugqwala kokwelashwa kwezicucu.

Kusuka: 168 Ukwakha