Forgings kuchenesainzira yekubvisa zvirema zveforgingsnemichina kana makemikari. Kuti uvandudze hutano hwepamusoro hweforgings, kuvandudza mamiriro ekucheka kweforgingsuye kudzivirira hurema hwepamusoro kubva pakukura, zvinodikanwa kuchenesa isina chinhu uye forgings chero nguva panguva yekugadzira kugadzirwa.

Kuti uvandudze huwandu hwepamusoro hwema forgings, kuvandudza mamiriro ekucheka efogi uye kudzivirira kuremara kwepamusoro kubva pakukura, zvinodikanwa kuchenesa isina chinhu uye forgings chero nguva panguva yekugadzira yekugadzira. Simbi forgings dzinowanzo kucheneswa nesimbi bhurasho kana nyore turusi isati yagadzirwa mushure mekupisa. Billet ine saizi yakakura yechikamu inogona kucheneswa nejekiseni remvura yakakwira. Iyo oxide ganda pane inotonhora forgings inogona kubviswa ne pickling kana kuputika. Iyo oxide sikeri yenonferrous alloy ishoma, asi inofanirwa kunyururwa isati yasvika uye mushure mekugadzira kuti uwane nekubvisa zvikanganiso zvepasi nenguva. Kuremara kwepamusoro kwebillet kana kuforoma kunonyanya kutsemuka, kupeta, kukwenya uye kubatanidzwa. Izvi zvinokanganisa, kana zvikasabviswa nenguva, zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa maitiro anotevera ekugadzira, kunyanya paaluminium, magnesium, titanium uye alloys avo. Kukanganisa kwakafumurwa mushure mekunhonga kweasina ferrous alloy forgings kunowanzo kucheneswa nemafaira, scrapers, grinder kana pneumatic maturusi, etc. Kukanganisa kwesimbi forgings kunocheneswa ne pickling, blasting (pfuti), pfuti blasting, roller, vibration nedzimwe nzira.

Acid kuchenesa

A chemical reaction inoshandiswa kubvisa metal oxide. Madiki uye epakati forgings anowanzo kuiswa mudengu mumabhechi uye anopedzwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akati wandei akadai sekubvisa oiri, pickling uye corrosion, rinsing uye kufuridza-kuomesa. Iyo pickling nzira ine hunhu hwemhando yepamusoro yekugadzira, yakanaka yekuchenesa maitiro, hapana deformation yefogi uye isina muganho chimiro. Mukuita pickling kemikari reaction, hazvidzivisike kuburitsa magasi anokuvadza kumuviri wemunhu. Nokudaro, panofanira kuva nemudziyo wekupedza simba muimba yekuchera. Kunhonga zvakasiyana simbi forgings kunofanira kuenderana nesimbi zvivakwa kusarudza akasiyana asidhi uye kuumbwa reshiyo, inoenderana pickling muitiro (tembiricha, nguva uye kuchenesa nzira) inofanira kugamuchirwa.

Kuputika kwejecha (pfuti) uye kupfura kuputika kwekuchenesa

Kuputika kwejecha (kupfurwa) kunofambiswa nemhepo yakamanikidzika kunoita kuti jecha kana simbi ipfure ifambe nekumhanya kukuru (kushanda kwejecha kuputika kuri 0.2-0.3mpa, uye kushanda kwekuputira kwepfuti i0.5-0.6mpa), iyo inopfapfaidzwa pa forging surface kupukuta chiyero che oxide. Kuputika kwepfuti kunoenderana nepakati pesimba reinotenderedza impeller nekumhanya kukuru (2000 ~ 30001r/min) kupfura simbi inopfurwaforging surfacekugogodza kubva pachiyero che oxide. Jecha rinoputika guruva rekuchenesa guruva, kushanda kwakaderera kwekugadzira, mutengo wakakwira, unoshandiswa kune zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa uye zvakakosha zvekugadzira zvinhu (senge simbi isina tsvina, titanium alloy), asi inofanirwa kushandisa inoshanda guruva yekubvisa tekinoroji matanho. Shot peening yakanyatso kuchena, kune zvakare zvakaipira zvekushomeka kwekugadzira uye mutengo wakakwira, asi mhando yekuchenesa yakakwira. Shot blasting inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekunyanya kugadzirwa kwayo uye kushandiswa kwakaderera.

Shot peening uye kuputika kwepfuti hakungobvisi ganda reoxide, asi zvakare kuita kuti nzvimbo yekugadzira ishande nesimba, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza kugona-kuneta kwezvikamu. Nezvekubiridzira mushure mekudzima kana kudzima uye kupisa kurapwa, kushanda kuomesa mhedzisiro kunonyanya kukosha kana yakakura saizi simbi yakapfurwa ikashandiswa, kuomarara kunogona kuwedzerwa ne30% ~ 40%, uye iyo yakaoma dhizaini gobvu inogona kusvika 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm. Mukugadzira, simbi yakapfurwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana uye saizi yezviyo inofanira kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nemidziyo uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa zvefogi. Kana mafogi akacheneswa nekuputika (pfuti) uye kuputika kwepfuti, kutsemuka kwepamusoro uye kumwe kukanganisa kunogona kuvanzwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushayikwa kuongororwa. Naizvozvo, nzira dzakaita semagineti yekuongorora kana fluorescence bvunzo (ona yemuviri uye kemikari kuongororwa kwehurema) inodiwa kuti uongorore hurema hwepamusoro hwekuforoma.

kudonha

Mudhiramu rinotenderera, mafogi anoputirwa kana pasi kuti abvise ganda reoxide uye maburrs kubva paworkpiece. Iyi nzira yekuchenesa inoshandisa zviri nyore uye zviri nyore midziyo, asi ine ruzha. Inokodzera madiki uye epakati-saizi forgings ayo anogona kutakura kumwe kukanganisa asi asingakanganisi nyore. Iyo roller yakachena isina mabrasives, chete nematatu esimbi mabhuroko kana mabhora esimbi ane dhayamita ye10 ~ 30mm asina mabrasives, kunyanya nekuita pamwe chete kuchenesa chiyero cheoxide. Imwe yacho ndeyekuwedzera mabrasive sejecha requartz, scrap grinding vhiri, sodium carbonate, sipo mvura nezvimwe zvinowedzera, kunyanya nekugaya kuti zvichenese.

Vibration kuchenesa

Chimwe chikamu cheabrasives uye additives chinosanganiswa mukugadzira uye chinoiswa mumudziyo unodedera. Nekuzunguzika kwemudziyo, iyo workpiece uye abrasive inogadzika pamwe chete, uye iyo oxide ganda uye burrs pamusoro peiyo forgings ivhu. Iyi nzira yekuchenesa yakanakira kuchenesa uye kupuruzira madiki uye epakati nepakati forgings.