Cov hlau yog cov thermoplastic thiab tuaj yeem nias thaum rhuab (cov hlau sib txawv yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv). Qhov no yoghu ua malleability.
Malleability lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau los hloov cov duab tsis muaj cracking thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm siab. Nws suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm ua rauj forging, dov, ncab, extrusion, thiab lwm yam hauv cov xeev kub lossis txias. Lub malleability feem ntau muaj feem xyuam rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom hlau.

1. Dab tsi cuam tshuam titanium muaj rau cov khoom thiab malleability ntawmhlau?
Titanium refines lub grain ntawm hlau. Txo overheating rhiab heev ntawm steel. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm titanium hauv cov hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau dhau, thaum cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua 4 zaug, nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm plasticity ntawm hlau, uas tsis zoo rau forging.
Titanium muaj qhov zoo corrosion kuj, ntxiv titanium raustainless hlau(ntxiv rau AISI321 steel) tuaj yeem tshem tawm lossis txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm intercrystalline corrosion.

2. Vanadium muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi rau cov khoom thiab malleability ntawm hlau? Vanadium nce lub zog, toughness thiab hardenability ntawm hlau.
Vanadium muaj lub siab nyiam tsim cov carbide thiab muaj zog rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov nplej. Vanadium tuaj yeem txo qhov kub siab tshaj ntawm cov hlau, ua rau kom kub siab plasticity ntawm steel, thiab yog li txhim kho cov malleability ntawm hlau.
Vanadium nyob rau hauv hlau solubility yog txwv, ib zaug ntau tshaj yuav tau coarse siv lead ua qauv, thiaj li hais tias cov ntaub ntawv ntawm yas poob, deformation kuj nce.

3. Dab tsi yog cov nyhuv ntawm leej faj rau cov khoom thiab malleability ntawmhlau?
Sulfur yog ib qho teeb meem hauv cov hlau, thiab qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog kub brittleness ntawmhlau. Lub solubility ntawm sulfur nyob rau hauv cov khoom tov yog heev me me, thiab nws combines nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus los tsim inclusions xws li FeS, MnS, NiS, thiab lwm yam. FeS yog qhov teeb meem tshaj plaws, thiab FeS cov ntaub ntawv cokuns nrog Fe los yog FeO, uas melts ntawm 910. ~ 985C thiab faib nyob rau hauv cov qoob loo ciam teb nyob rau hauv ib tug network, zoo heev txo cov plasticity ntawm hlau thiab ua rau thermal embrittlement.
Manganese tshem tawm kub brittleness. Vim hais tias manganese thiab sulfur muaj affinity zoo, cov sulfur nyob rau hauv steel daim ntawv MnS nrog siab melting point es tsis txhob FeS.

4. Yuav ua li cas phosphorus cuam tshuam rau cov khoom thiab malleability ntawmhlau?
Phosphorus kuj yog ib qho teeb meem hauv cov hlau. Txawm hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus nyob rau hauv steel tsuas yog ob peb txhiab, lub brittleness ntawm hlau yuav nce vim los nag lossis daus ntawm FegP, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qis kub, uas ua rau "txias brittle". Yog li txwv tus nqi ntawm phosphorus.
Phosphorus txo cov weldability ntawmhlau, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim cov vuam tawg thaum nws dhau qhov kev txwv. Phosphorus tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo, yog li cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus tuaj yeem nce ntxiv hauv cov hlau ua ntej txiav yooj yim.