Ƙirƙira kyautakarfe yana da abubuwa uku masu mahimmanci a ƙarƙashin yanayin kashewa.
(1) Halayen tsari
Dangane da girman karfe, zafin jiki na dumama, lokaci, halayen canji da yanayin sanyaya, tsarin ƙarfe da aka kashe dole ne ya ƙunshi martensite ko martensite + saura austenite, ƙari, ana iya samun ɗan ƙaramin carbide da ba a warware ba. Dukansu martensite da ragowar austenite suna cikin yanayin da za'a iya daidaitawa a yanayin zafin jiki, kuma suna canzawa zuwa yanayin kwanciyar hankali na ferric mass da siminti.
(2) Halayen taurin
Karɓawar lattice da ke haifar da atom ɗin carbon yana bayyana ta tauri, wanda ke ƙaruwa da supersaturation, ko abun cikin carbon. Ƙunƙarar tsarin quenching, babban ƙarfi, filastik, ƙarancin ƙarfi.
(3) Halayen damuwa
Ciki har da danniya na micro da macro stress, tsohon yana da alaƙa da lalacewar lattice da ke haifar da atom ɗin carbon, musamman tare da babban martensite na carbon don isa babban darajar, nazarin quenching martensite a cikin yanayin damuwa; A karshen shi ne saboda da zafin jiki bambanci kafa a kan giciye sashe a lokacin da quenching, da workpiece surface ko tsakiyar danniya jihar ne daban-daban, akwai tensile danniya ko matsawa danniya, a cikin workpiece kiyaye daidaito. Idan ba a kawar da damuwa na ciki na sassa na ƙarfe mai tauri a cikin lokaci ba, zai haifar da ƙarin lalacewa har ma da fashewar sassa.
Don taƙaitawa, kodayake aikin da aka kashe yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, amma gwiwoyi yana da girma, tsarin ba shi da ƙarfi, kuma akwai babban damuwa na ciki wanda aka kashe, don haka dole ne a yi fushi don amfani. Gabaɗaya magana, tsarin zafin jiki shine tsarin bi-da-bi na quenching karfe, kuma shine tsari na ƙarshe na aiwatar da zubar da zafi, yana ba da workpiece sosai bayan buƙatar aikin.
Tempering shine tsarin dumama ƙarfe mai tauri zuwa wani zafin jiki da ke ƙasa da Ac1, ajiye shi na ɗan lokaci, sannan sanyaya shi zuwa zafin jiki. Muhimman dalilansa su ne:
(1) daidaitaccen daidaita taurin da ƙarfin ƙarfe, haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfe, don aikin aikin ya dace da buƙatun aikace-aikacen;
(2) barga tsarin, sabõda haka, workpiece a cikin shakka na dindindin aikace-aikace ba ya faruwa tsarin canji, don haka kamar yadda ya tabbatar da style da girman da workpiece;
The quenching ciki danniya na workpiece za a iya rage ko kawar da su rage ta nakasawa da kuma hana fatattaka.