Amaphutha okudala
Inhloso yokubumba ukucindezela amaphutha e-porosity angaphakathi engot yensimbi ukwenza isakhiwo siminyene futhi sithole umugqa wokugeleza wensimbi omuhle. Inqubo yokwenza iwukuba isondele kakhulu ekubunjweni kwe-workpiece. Amaphutha akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokubumba ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa imifantu, amaphutha okubumba angaphakathi, izikali ze-oxide nokugoqa, ubukhulu obungafanelekile, njll.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqhekeka ukushisa kwe-ingot yensimbi ngesikhathi sokushisa, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu le-forging, nokunciphisa ingcindezi ngokweqile.Ukushisa ngokweqile kungabangela kalula imifantu esigabeni sokuqala sokubumba. Uma izinga lokushisa lokubumba liphansi kakhulu, impahla ngokwayo ine-plasticity empofu, kanye nenani lokunciphisa ingcindezi ngesikhathi sokubumba imifantu ye-Tensile, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imifantu ekhiqizwe ngokukhwabanisa ayihlanzwa kalula ngesikhathi noma ayihlanzwa ngokuphelele, engakwazi kalula. bangela imifantu ukuthi ikhule ngokuqhubekayo. Ukukhubazeka kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukucindezelwa okunganele komshini noma inani elingenele lokucindezela, ukucindezela akukwazi ukudluliselwa ngokugcwele kumgogodla we-ingot yensimbi, izimbobo ezinciphayo ezikhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-ingot azicindezelwa ngokugcwele, futhi izinhlamvu ze-dendritic ziyi. hhayi ephukile ngokuphelele Shrinkage kanye nezinye iziphambeko. Isizathu esiyinhloko sesilinganiso nokugoqa ukuthi isikali esikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokubumba asihlanzwa ngesikhathi futhi sicindezelwa ekubunjweni ngesikhathi sokubumba, noma sibangelwa inqubo yokufoja engenangqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinkinga kungenzeka futhi uma indawo engenalutho ingalungile, noma ukushisa kungalingani, noma i-anvil kanye nenani lokunciphisa elisetshenzisiwe alifanelekile, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi liyisici esingaphezulu, lingasuswa. ngezindlela zemishini. Ukwengeza, uma imisebenzi yokushisa nokukhwabanisa ingalungile, ingabangela i-axis ye-workpiece ukuba isuswe noma imiswe kabi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-eccentricity kanye nokugoba ekusebenzeni kokufoja, kodwa lezi zinkinga ziyiziphambeko ezilungisekayo lapho ukufoja kuqhubeka.

Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka okubangelwa ukukhohlisa kufaka phakathi:

(1) Ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokushisa ngendlela enengqondo ukuze kugwenywe ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi;

(2) Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokukhohlisa, iminyango eminingi izosayina inqubo yokukhohlisa futhi iqinise inqubo yokugunyaza inqubo yokuqamba;

( 3) Qinisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokubumba, sebenzisa ngokuqinile inqubo, futhi ungashintshi imingcele yokuqamba ngokuthanda kwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuqhubeka kwenqubo yokubumba.