Izinkansa ezinkulu futhiukuthethelelwaDlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ithuluzi le-Machine, ezokukhiqiza izimoto, e-ShipBuilding, Isiteshi Samandla, Umkhakha Wezikhali, I-Iron and Steel Devid kanye nezinye izinkambu. Njengezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu, zinevolumu enkulu nesisindo, futhi ubuchwepheshe babo nokucutshungulwa kuyinkimbinkimbi. Inqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokukhala kwe-Ingot,ukuthethelelanoma ukuncibilika ukuncibilika, ngomshini wokushisa okufudumele okuphezulu ukuze uthole usayizi wesimo esidingekayo kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe, ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zezimo zalo zenkonzo. Ngenxa yezici zobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ubuchwepheshe, kunamakhono athile okufaka isicelo sokutholwa kwephutha kwe-ultrasonic kokuphonswa kabusha kwe-ultrasonic nokuphoqelela izingxenye.
I. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic kokuphonsa
Due to the coarse grain size, poor sound permeability and low signal-to-noise ratio of the casting, it is difficult to detect defects by using the sound beam with high frequency sound energy in the propagation of the casting, when it encounters the internal surface or defect, the defect is found. Inani lamandla omsindo abonisiwe ngumsebenzi wokuqondiswa kanye nezici zendawo yangaphakathi noma isici kanye nokuvikelwa komzimba okubonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, amandla akhanyayo abonisa amandla ahlukahlukene noma izindawo ezingaphakathi zingasetshenziswa ukuthola indawo yezinkinga, ukujula kodonga noma ukujula kwezinkinga ngaphansi kobuso. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic njengendlela yokuhlola esetshenziswa kabanzi esetshenziswayo, izinzuzo zayo eziphambili yilezi: Ukuzwela okuphezulu, kungathola imifantu emihle; Inesimo esikhulu sokungena, ingathola ama-castings amnyama. Imikhawulo yayo eyinhloko imi ngalendlela elandelayo: Kunzima ukuhumusha i-waveform ebonisiwe yesici sokunqamula ngesayizi eliyinkimbinkimbi nokuqondiswa okungekho emthethweni; Izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezingafuneki, ezinjengobukhulu bokusanhlamvu, ama-microssmcure, i-microskukhuthani, okuqukethwe okufakwayo, okufakwayo noma ama-precipitate amahle, futhi avimbela ukutolika kwe-waveform. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhekiswa emabhulokini okuhlola ajwayelekile kuyadingeka.

2.Kufaka ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic
(1)Ukwenza ukucubungulakanye nezici ezijwayelekile
Ukuthethelelwazenziwe ngensimbi eshisayo ye-ingot eshisayo eyenziwe ngeukuthethelela. Le khasiInqubo yokwakhaKubandakanya ukufudumeza, ukuguquguquka nokupholisa.UkuthethelelwaIziphambeko zingahlukaniswa kube yiziphikiso zokuphonsa,Ukwakha Izicikanye nokushisa kokushisa. Ukuphonsa izinhlansi ikakhulu kufaka phakathi ukulala okusele, okuvulekile, ukufakwa, ukuqhekeka nokunye.Ukwakha IziciKakhulu zibandakanya ukugoqa, indawo emhlophe, ukuqhekeka nokunye. Isici esiyinhloko sokwelashwa kokushisa siyaqhekeka.
I-Shrinkage Cavity Resitual iyi-shrinkage ye-shrinkage cavity ku-Ingot ekuthethelele lapho ikhanda selinganele ukuhlala, livame kakhulu ekugcineni kokuthethelelwa.
Okuxekethile ukuthi i-Ingot Solialification Shrinkage eyakhiwe ku-Ingot ayihlangene futhi inezimbobo, ibamba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesilinganiso sokuvuselela futhi ayichitheki ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi esikhungweni se-Ingot nasekhanda. e
Ukufakwa kufakwe ngaphakathi kokufakwa kwangaphakathi, ukufakwa kwangaphandle okungekho kwensimbi nokufakwa kwensimbi. Ukufakwa kwangaphakathi kugxile kakhulu enkabeni nasekhanda le-Ingot.
Imifantu ifaka phakathi ukuqhekeka okuphonsa, ekhombisa ukuqhekeka kanye nokushisa kokushisa kwemifantu. Imifantu yokuhlangana phakathi kwensimbi ye-autenitic ibangelwa ukuphonswa. Ukuphoqelelwa okungalungile nokushisa ukushisa kuzokwakha imifantu phezu noma umnyombo wecala.
Iphoyinti elimhlophe ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen kokuthethelelwa, ukupholisa ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokukhipha, i-hydrogen encibilikisiwe ensimbi esekwephuze kakhulu ukubalekela ukucindezela ngokweqile. Amabala amhlophe agxile kakhulu enkabeni yengxenye enkulu yalokho okwabizayo. Amabala amhlophe ahlala avela kumaqoqo ngensimbi. * x- h9 [:
(2) Ukubuka konke kwezindlela zokuthola ukufihla
Ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa kwe-Fice DepEction Time, enikeza ukutholwa kwefiki
Inhloso yokutholwa kwesici ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuthola iziphambeko kusenesikhathi ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo zokugwema ukuthuthukiswa nokwanda kweziphambeko okuholela ekuqhekekeni. Inhloso yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwensiza ukuqondisa iziphambeko ezingase zivele noma zithuthukise ngemuva kokusebenza, ikakhulukazi imifantu yokukhathala. + 1. Ukuhlolwa kokuthethelelwa kwe-shaft
Inqubo yokwakha izikhombisi ze-shaft ikakhulukazi zisuselwa ekudwebeni, ngakho-ke ukuma kweziphambeko eziningi kufana ne-eksisi. Umphumela wokutholwa kweziphambeko ezinjalo ungcono kakhulu nge-Longitudinal Wave Vare Specre kusuka ekuqondisweni kwe-radial. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi amaphutha azoba nokunye ukusabalalisa nokuqondisisa, ngakho-ke ishaffi libonisa ukutholwa kwefiki
2. Ukuhlolwa kwekhekhe kanye ne-Bowl ukuthethelelwa
Inqubo ebizayo yokuthethelelwa kwekhekhe kanye ne-bondl kucashunwe kakhulu, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinkinga kufana nobuso bokuphela, ngakho-ke kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola iziphohlisi ngobuso obuqondile.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokuthethelelwa kwesilinda
Inqubo yokwakha izilinda zokusilinda iyakhungathekisa, ishaya ngamandla. Ngakho-ke, ukuma kweziphambeko kuyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula lokho kwe-shaft kanye nokukhokhiswa kwekhekhe. Kepha ngoba ingxenye yengxenye ye-Ingot esezingeni elibi kakhulu isusiwe lapho kubhoboza, ikhwalithi yokukhokhiswa kwesilinda ngokuvamile kungcono. Ukuqondiswa okuyinhloko kweziphambeko kusafana ne-cylindrical ebusweni ngaphandle kwesilinda, ngakho-ke izikhombisi ze-cylindrical zisatholwa ikakhulukazi ngophenyo oluqondile, kodwa ngenxa yodonga lwe-cylindrical olunezindonga eziwugqinsi, kufanele kungezwe.
(3) Ukukhetha kwezimo zokutholwa
Ukukhethwa kwe-Profe
UkuthethelelwaUkuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-Longitudinal Wave Propect Direct, usayizi we-wafer we-Φ 14 Φ 28 Φ 2 Φ 23- Φ 2 IngomaneUkuthethelelwa Okuncane, i-chip probe ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngokubheka inkambu eseduze nokulahleka kokuhlangana. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuze uthole iziphambeko nge-angle ethile yendawo yokutholwa, futhi ingasebenzisa inani elithile le-K le-probe ethambekele ekutholweni. Ngenxa yethonya lendawo eyimpumputhe futhi eduze nendawo yensimu yophenyo oluqondile, uphenyo oluqondile lwe-Crystal Direct luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola iziphambeko zebanga eliseduzane.
Okusanhlamvu kokuthethelelwa ngokuvamile kuncane, ngakho-ke imvamisa ephakeme yokuthola iphutha ingakhethwa, imvamisa engu-2,5 ~ 5.0MHz. Ukuze kubizelwe okumbalwa ngosayizi wokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu kanye ne-attinuation ebucayi, ukuze ugweme "i-heats echo" futhi uthuthukise isilinganiso se-Signal-to-umsindo, imvamisa ephansi, ngokuvamile 1.0 ~ 2.5mmhz, kufanele kukhethwe.