Ukuganga okubandayoiwuhlobo lobuchwepheshe bokwakha ipulasitiki obunembayo, obunezinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa, ezifana nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ezifanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo wokugcina, ukwakhiwa okubandayo endaweni yezindiza nezokuthutha. Imboni yamathuluzi omshini wamathuluzi nezinye izimboni zisebenza kabanzi. Njengamanje, intuthuko esheshayo yemboni yezimoto, imboni yezithuthuthu kanye nemboni yamathuluzi omshini inikeza amandla okuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokubumba okubandayo.Cold forging inquboe-China angeke iqale sekwephuzile, kodwa isivinini intuthuko has igebe elikhulu namazwe athuthukile, kuze kube manje, ukukhiqizwa China of the abandayo forging emotweni enesisindo esingaphansi 20 kg, okulingana nengxenye yamazwe athuthukile, kunethuba elikhulu intuthuko. , ukuqinisa ukuthuthukiswaukuganga okubandayoubuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza kuwumsebenzi ophuthumayo ezweni lethu njengamanje.
Ukuma kwama-forging abandayo sekuye kwaba nzima nakakhulu, kusukela ku-shaft yesinyathelo sokuqala, izikulufu, izikulufu, amantongomane nama-conduits, njll., kuya ekubunjweni kwe-forging eyinkimbinkimbi. Inqubo evamile ye-spline shaft yile: i-extrusion rod -- ephazamisa ingxenye yekhanda eliphakathi -- extrusion spline; Inqubo eyinhloko yomkhono we-spline yile: inkomishi ye-extrusion yangemuva - - phansi ibe yindandatho - - umkhono we-extrusion. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe obubandayo be-extrusion begiya le-cylindrical busetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekukhiqizeni. Ngaphezu kwezinsimbi ezisansimbi, ingxubevange yethusi, ingxubevange ye-magnesium ne-aluminium alloy materials zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhipheni okubandayo.

Inqubo eqhubekayo emisha
Ukuqamba okunembayo okunembayo kuyinqubo (eduze) yokwenza inetha. Izingxenye ezakhiwe ngale ndlela zinamandla aphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi enhle yendawo. Njengamanje, inani eliphelele lama-forging abandayo asetshenziswa imoto evamile kwamanye amazwe angama-40 ~ 45kg, phakathi kwawo inani eliphelele lezingxenye zamazinyo lingaphezu kuka-10kg. Isisindo esisodwa segiya eliqinile lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwe-1kg, futhi ukunemba kwephrofayili yamazinyo kungafinyelela kumazinga ayi-7.
Ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-extrusion obubandayo. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ochwepheshe bokuqamba ngokunemba ekhaya naphesheya baqala ukusebenzisa inkolelo-mbono ye-shunt forging ekufakeni okubandayo kwamagiya e-spur kanye ne-helical. Umgomo oyinhloko we-shunt forging uwukusungula i-shunt cavity noma umzila wezinto ezibonakalayo engxenyeni engenalutho noma yokufa. Enqubweni yokubumba, ingxenye yento igelezela kumgodi we-shunt noma umzila ngenkathi igcwalisa umgodi. Ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-shunt forging, ukwenziwa kwegiya elinemba kakhulu elinokuncane futhi okungasikiwe kufinyelele ngokushesha esikalini sezimboni. Ezingxenyeni ezinwetshiwe ezinesilinganiso sobude bobubanzi obungu-5, njengephinikhodi ye-piston, ukwakheka okubandayo okukhishwe ngesikhathi esisodwa kungafinyelelwa ngokwamukela ibhulokhi le-axial residual material ngokusebenzisa i-axial shunt kabanzi, futhi ukuzinza kwe-punch kuhle. Ngokwakhiwa kwegiya le-spur eliyisicaba, ukwakheka okubandayo kwe-extrusion of forgings nakho kungabonakala ngokusebenzisa amabhlogo we-radial residual material.
I-block forging i-close die ngokusebenzisa isibhakela esisodwa noma ezimbili ze-extrusion eyodwa noma eziphambene zensimbi ezakha ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze uthole ukubumbana okuhlanzekile okuseduze ngaphandle komkhawulo we-flash. Ezinye izingxenye zezimoto ezinembayo, njengegiya leplanethi nengxenye ye-shaft, umkhono wenkanyezi, i-cross bear, njll., uma kwamukelwa indlela yokusika, hhayi kuphela izinga lokusebenzisa impahla eliphansi kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-40% ngokwesilinganiso), kodwa futhi izindleko zamahora omuntu, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu. Ubuchwepheshe bokubumba obuvaliwe bamukelwa ukuze kukhiqizwe lezi zakhiwo ezihlanzekile phesheya, okuqeda iningi lenqubo yokusika futhi kunciphisa izindleko kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokubumba ebandayo kungukusungula imikhiqizo ephezulu ene-value ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde ingene njalo noma ishintshe izinkambu zokusika, i-powder metallurgy, i-casting, i-hot forging, i-sheet metal forming, njll., futhi ingabuye ihlanganiswe nalezi zinqubo ukuze zenze izinqubo eziyinhlanganisela. Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza ipulasitiki obukhangayo obushisayo buwubuchwepheshe obusha bokwenza insimbi obunemba obuhlanganisa ukubumba okushisayo nokubandayo. Kuthatha ngokugcwele izinzuzo ze-hot forging kanye ne-cold forging ngokulandelanayo. Insimbi esesimweni esishisayo ine-plasticity enhle kanye nokucindezeleka okugeleza okuphansi, ngakho-ke inqubo eyinhloko yokuguqulwa igcwaliswa ngokushisa okushisayo. Ukunemba kokubunjwa okubandayo kuphezulu, ngakho-ke ubukhulu obubalulekile bezingxenye ekugcineni bukhiwa inqubo yokubumba ebandayo. Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza ipulasitiki obukhangayo obushisayo buvele ngeminyaka yawo-1980, futhi busetshenziswa kabanzi kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990. Izingxenye ezenziwe yilobu buchwepheshe zithole imiphumela emihle yokuthuthukisa ukunemba nokunciphisa izindleko.