Ukwenza ukuhlanzainqubo yokususa ukonakala okungaphezulu kokufogiwe ngezindlela zemishini noma zamakhemikhali. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yangaphezulu ye-forgings, ukuthuthukisa izimo zokusika ze-forging futhi kuvimbele ukukhubazeka kwendawo ekukhuleni, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ubuso be-billet kanye nama-forging nganoma yisiphi isikhathi enqubweni yokubumba.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga eliphezulu leama-forgings, ngcono izimo zokusika zeama-forgingsfuthi uvimbele ukukhubazeka kwendawo ekukhuleni, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ubuso be-billet kanyeama-forgingsnganoma yisiphi isikhathi kuinqubo yokuqamba. Izinsimbi zensimbizivame ukushiselwa ngaphambiliukuqambangebhulashi lensimbi noma ithuluzi elilula lokususa isikali se-oxide. Indawo engenalutho enosayizi omkhulu wesigaba ingahlanzwa ngomjovo wamanzi anomfutho ophezulu. Izikali ku-forging ezibandayo zingasuswa ngokukhetha noma ukuqhumisa (amapellets). Isilinganiso se-nonferrous alloy oxide sincane, kodwa ngaphambi nangemuva kokufoja ekuhlanzeni ukucosha, ukutholwa ngesikhathi kanye nokususwa kokulimala okungaphezulu. Amaphutha angaphezulu kwe-billet noma ama-forging ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa imifantu, ukugoqa, ukuklwebheka kanye nokufaka. Uma lezi ziphambeko zingasuswa ngesikhathi, zizoba nemiphumela emibi enqubweni yokubumba elandelayo, ikakhulukazi ku-aluminium, i-magnesium, i-titanium nama-alloys awo. Amaphutha adalulwe ngemva kokucoshwa kwe-alloy forgings engeyona i-ferrous ngokuvamile ahlanzwa ngamafayela, ama-scrapers, ama-grinders noma amathuluzi womoya. Amaphutha ensimbi ahlanzwa ngokucotshwa, ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi (ukudubula), ukuqhuma kwesibhamu, i-roller, ukudlidliza nezinye izindlela.

Ukuhlanza i-Acid

Ukususwa kwama-oxide ensimbi ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ukuze ama-forgings amancane naphakathi avame ukulayishwa kubhasikidi ngamaqoqo, ngemva kokususwa kwamafutha, ukugqwala kwe-pickling, ukuhlanza, ukomisa nezinye izinqubo. Indlela yokukhetha inezici zokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, umphumela omuhle wokuhlanza, akukho deformation of forgings kanye nesimo esingavinjelwe. I-Pickling chemical reaction process nakanjani izokhiqiza amagesi ayingozi, ngakho-ke, igumbi lokuqoqa kufanele libe nedivayisi yokukhipha umoya. Ukukha izinsimbi ezihlukene zensimbi kufanele kukhethe isilinganiso esihlukile se-asidi nokubunjwa ngokwezakhiwo zensimbi, futhi kwamukele inqubo yokukhetha ehambisanayo (izinga lokushisa, isikhathi kanye nendlela yokuhlanza).

Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi (ukudutshulwa) nokuhlanza ukuqhuma kwesibhamu
Ngomoya ocindezelwe njengamandla e-sandblasting (ukudubula), yenza isihlabathi noma isibhamu sensimbi sikhiqize ukunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu (ukucindezela kokusebenza kwe-sandblasting okungu-0.2 ~ 0.3Mpa, ukucindezela kokusebenza kwesibhamu okungu-0.5 ~ 0.6Mpa), indiza iye endaweni yokwenza susa isikali se-oxide. Ukudubula ngesivinini esikhulu (2000 ~ 30001r/min) amandla azungezayo ayi-centrifugal we-impeller, insimbi idutshulwe endaweni yokubumba ukuze iwise isikali se-oxide. Uthuli lwe-sandblasting, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi, izindleko eziphezulu, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu izidingo zobuchwepheshe ezikhethekile nezinto ezikhethekile zokubumba (njengensimbi engagqwali, ingxubevange ye-titanium), kodwa kufanele kuthathe izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezisebenzayo zokususa uthuli. I-shot peening ihlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa, kukhona futhi nebubi bokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphezulu, kodwa izinga lokuhlanza liphezulu. I-shot blasting isetshenziswa kabanzi ekusebenzeni kwayo okuphezulu kokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa okuphansi.
I-shot peening kanye nokuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu kuhlanza, ngesikhathi esifanayo, susa isikali se-oxide, yenze umsebenzi wokubumba ube lukhuni, kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala kwezingxenye. Ukuze uthole ama-forging ngemuva kokucisha noma ukucisha kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa, umphumela wokuqina womsebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa isibhamu esikhulu sensimbi, ubulukhuni bungakhuphuka ngo-30% ~ 40%, futhi ubukhulu bongqimba oluqinile bungafinyelela ku-0.3 ~ 0.5mm. Ekukhiqizeni ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezibonakalayo kanye nezobuchwepheshe ze-forgings ukukhetha impahla ehlukene kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana zesibhamu sensimbi. Ukusetshenziswa kokuqhuma kwesihlabathi (ukudutshulwa) kanye nendlela yokuqhuma kwesibhamu ukuze kuhlanzwe ama-forging, imifantu engaphezulu nokunye ukukhubazeka kungase kuvalwe, kube lula ukubangela ukuphuthelwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukutholwa kwamaphutha kazibuthe noma ukuhlolwa kwe-fluorescence (bona ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kokukhubazeka) ukuze uhlole ukukhubazeka okungaphezulu kwama-forging.

ukuwa
Ama-forging, esigubhu esijikelezayo, ayangqubuzana noma agaye ukuze asuse isikali se-oxide kanye ne-burr emsebenzini. Le ndlela yokuhlanza isebenzisa imishini elula futhi elula, kodwa umsindo omkhulu. Ifanele ama-forging amancane naphakathi nendawo angakwazi ukuthwala umthelela othile futhi akulula ukuwohloka. Ukuhlanzwa kwezigubhu akuna-abrasive, engeza kuphela insimbi engunxantathu noma ububanzi bebhola lensimbi obungu-10 ~ 30mm wokuhlanza okungathuvi, ikakhulukazi ngokungqubuzana ukuze kukhishwe isikali se-oxide. Okunye ukwengeza isihlabathi se-quartz, izingcezu zamasondo okugaya izinsimbi nezinye iziqhumane, i-sodium carbonate, amanzi anensipho nezinye izithasiselo, ikakhulukazi ngokugaya ukuze kuhlanzwe.

Ukuhlanza ukudlidliza
In the forgings exutshwe ingxenye ethile abrasives kanye izithasiselo, ibekwe esitsheni vibrating, by the vibration of the esitsheni, ukuze workpiece kanye abrasive ukugaya nomunye, ebusweni forgings oxide futhi burr off. Le ndlela yokuhlanza ifanele ukuhlanzwa nokupholishwa kwama-forging amancane naphakathi nendawo.