Izinto zokwakha ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa i-carbon steel ne-alloy steel enezingoma ezihlukahlukene, kulandelwa i-aluminium, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-titanium nama-alloys ayo. Izimo zangempela zezinto zifaka ibha, ingot, impushana yensimbi, nensimbi ewuketshezi. Isilinganiso sendawo ye-cross-sectional yensimbi ngaphambi kokuguqulwa endaweni ye-cross-sectional ngemva kokuguqulwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-forging ratio. Ukukhetha okulungile kwesilinganiso sokubumba, izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nesikhathi sokubamba, izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuqala nelokugcina lokufogela, inani elifanele lokuguquguquka kanye nesivinini sokuguga kuhlobene eduze nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko.

Ngokuvamile, izinto eziyisiyingi noma ze-square bar zisetshenziswa njengezikhala zama-forging amancane naphakathi nendawo. Isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini yezinto zebha zifana futhi zinhle, zinesimo esinembile nosayizi, ikhwalithi enhle yendawo, futhi kulula ukuyihlela ukuze kukhiqizwe ngobuningi. Inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nezimo zokuguqulwa zilawulwa ngokunengqondo, ama-forging wekhwalithi ephezulu angakhiwa ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okubalulekile kokubumba. Ama-ingots asetshenziselwa kuphela ama-forging amakhulu. I-Ingot iyisakhiwo esikhonjiwe esinamakristalu amakhulu amakholomu nezikhungo ezixekethile. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuchoboza amakristalu ekholomu abe yizinhlamvu ezinhle ngokusebenzisa i-deformation enkulu yepulasitiki, futhi uwahlanganise ngokukhululekile ukuze uthole isakhiwo esihle kakhulu sensimbi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini.

I-powder metallurgy preforms ezakhiwe ngokucindezela nokudubula zingenziwa zibe izimbotshana eziyimpushana ngokungafogi okungeyona i-flash esimweni esishisayo. Ukuminyana kwempushana yokubumba kuseduze naleyo ye-die forgings evamile, enezakhiwo ezinhle zokusebenza nokunemba okuphezulu, okunganciphisa ukucutshungulwa okulandelayo. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi se-powder forgings siyafana ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa, futhi singasetshenziswa ukwenza amagiya amancane nezinye izinto zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, intengo ye-powder iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yezinto ezijwayelekile ze-bar, ezikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekukhiqizeni. Ngokufaka ingcindezi engaguquki ensimbi ewuketshezi ethelwa emgodini wesikhunta, ingaqina, icwebezele, igeleze, ingene ku-deformation yepulasitiki, futhi yakhe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ukuze ithole ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo ezifunwayo. I-Liquid metal forging iyindlela yokwenza phakathi kwe-die casting kanye ne-die forging, efanelekile ikakhulukazi izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinodonga oluqinile okunzima ukuzenza ngokufoja okujwayelekile.

Ngaphezu kwezinto ezivamile ezifana ne-carbon steel ne-alloy steel enezingoma ezihlukahlukene, izinto zokwakha zihlanganisa i-aluminium, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-titanium, nama-alloys abo. Ama-alloys asuselwa ku-iron asezingeni eliphezulu, ama-alloys asuselwa ku-nickel asezingeni eliphezulu, nama-alloys asuselwa ku-cobalt asuselwa ku-high-temperature nawo ayakhiwa noma asongwe njengama-deformation alloys. Kodwa-ke, lawa ma-alloys anezindawo zepulasitiki ezincane, okwenza ukubumba kube nzima. Izinto ezihlukene zinezidingo eziqinile zokushisa ukushisa, izinga lokushisa lokubumba, kanye nezinga lokushisa lokugcina lokubumba.