Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi evamile,insimbi ekhethekileinamandla aphakeme nokuqina, izici zomzimba, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, i-biocompatibility kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo. Kodwainsimbi ekhethekileinezici ezihlukile zensimbi evamile. Ngensimbi evamile abantu abaningi baqonda kakhudlwana, kodwa ngezici zeinsimbi ekhethekile, abantu abaningi basho bedidekile. Ngakho-ke, isihloko esilandelayo sigxile ezicini zeizinsimbi ezikhethekile.
Izici zensimbi ekhethekile:
Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi evamile,insimbi ekhethekileinezici zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukufana okuphezulu, ukwakheka okuhle kakhulu nokunemba okuphezulu:
(1)Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu.Okuqukethwe kwegesi kanye nokufaka (kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwensimbi enephuzu elincibilikile eliphansi) ngensimbi kungancishiswa. Lapho ukuhlanzeka kwensimbi kukhuphukela emkhawulweni othile, hhayi kuphela izakhiwo zokuqala zensimbi ezingathuthukiswa kakhulu, kodwa futhi izakhiwo ezintsha zensimbi zinganikezwa. Isibonelo, okuqukethwe kwe-oksijini ekuthwaleni insimbi kuncishisiwe kusuka ku-30 ​​× 10-6 kuya ku-5 × 10-6, futhi impilo yokuzala ikhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-30. I-Universal austenitic stainless steels ivikelekile ekucindezelekeni ukugqwala lapho okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus kuncishiswa ku-3 × 10-6. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, izinga lokuhlanzeka (10) lensimbi elingafinyelelwa ngokukhiqiza ngobuningi: i-hydrogen ≤1, i-oxygen ≤5, i-carbon ≤10, isulfure ≤10, i-nitrogen ≤15, i-phosphorus ≤25.

(2) Ukufana okuphezulu.Ukuhlukaniswa kokubunjwa kwensimbi kuholela ekwakhiweni okungalingani kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi, okungenye yezizathu ezibalulekile zokuhluleka kokuqala kwezingxenye zensimbi kanye nobunzima bokusebenzisa ngokugcwele izakhiwo ezingenzeka zensimbi. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokukhiqiza kufanele kwenze ukufana kwensimbi kufinyeleleke: ukuguquguquka kwebhendi yegiya lensimbi yokuqina yi-±3HRC; Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, i-nickel, i-molybdenum ≤±0.01%, ne-manganese ne-chromium ≤±0.02% kwakulawulwa ngokunembile. Usayizi wokusanhlamvu wensimbi ethwalayo ngemva kokucisha uyindilinga futhi ukushintshashintsha kosayizi ngu-0.8± 0.2 μm. Izici zomshini zensimbi ekwazi ukumelana nezinyembezi (insimbi engu-Z-direction) ku-longitudinal, transverse kanye nogqinsi, ikakhulukazi izidingo zepulasitiki nokuqina zivame ukufana.
(3) Isakhiwo esihle kakhulu.I-Ultra-fine microstructure ukuqinisa ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisa engakhuphula amandla ensimbi ngaphandle kokunciphisa noma ukwandisa kancane ukuqina. Isibonelo, uma usayizi wokusanhlamvu wamandla aphezulu wensimbi engagqwali AFC77 ecwengwa ukusuka ku-60μm kuya ku-2.3 μm, ukuqina kokuphuka kwe-Kic kukhuphuka kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-220MPa·m. Izinga lokushisa le-embrittlement elifakwe imisebe ye-coarse-grained steel plate emkhunjini wengcindezi ye-nuclear reactor ngu-150 ~ 250℃ kuyilapho lelo lensimbi ecolisekile lingu-50 ~ 70℃. Uma usayizi we-carbide ekukhiqizeni insimbi kuhle ku-≤0.5μm, impilo yokuthwala izothuthukiswa kakhulu.
(4) Ukunemba okuphezulu. Izinsimbi ezikhethekilekufanele ibe nekhwalithi ephezulu yendawo kanye nokubekezelelana okuncane. Ukunemba kwenduku yensimbi egoqiwe eshisayo kufika ku-±0.1mm, ukubekezelela ukujiya kwekhoyili yeshidi eligoqiwe kufika ku-±0.015 ~ 0.05mm, futhi ukubekezelela ukujiya kwekhoyili yeshidi eligoqiwe ebandayo kufika ku-±0.003mm.