Ukuhlaziywa kwemishini yokukhuthaza ukuqhekeka kulungele ukuqonda isizathu esibalulekile se-crack, okuyisisekelo esihlosiwe sokuhlonza uqhekeko. Kungaqashelwa ekuhlaziyweni kwe-crack case eminingi eqanjiwe kanye nokuhlola okuphindaphindiwe ukuthi indlela kanye nezici zensimbi ye-alloy forgings azilingani, ezinomonakalo oyinhloko wokuqhekeka.

1. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinomshini nezici ezilinganayo.

Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuguquguquka, ukuzivocavoca kokugudluka eduze kwendiza eshelelayo, futhi lapho ihlangana nesivimbelo somgwaqo, izonqwabelana futhi ibangele ukucindezeleka komhlabathi okwanele ukuze kubangele imifantu, noma i-cavitation kanye nemifantu emincane ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwe-dislocation, ehlangene umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kokuqhekeka komnotho omkhulu. Le miphumela eyinhloko ekushiseni kwe-deformation iphansi (iphansi kunezinga lokushisa eliqinisa umsebenzi), noma izinga lokuguquguquka likhulu kakhulu, izinga lokuguqulwa lishesha kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lokuqhekeka luvame ukuxutshwa nge-transgranular noma i-transgranular kanye ne-intergranular, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ama-molecule okushisa aphezulu anezinga eliphezulu lokusabalalisa kwangaphandle, okuhambisana nokukhuphuka okuguquguqukayo, ukusheshisa ukulungiswa kwe-forging kanye nokuqina komsebenzi, ukuze inqubo yokuguqulwa isivele ibangele i-micro. i-crack kulula ukuyilungisa, ekushiseni kwe-deformation efanelekile, izinga lokuguquguquka liyisimo esihamba kancane, alikwazi ukuthuthukisa umkhuba wokuqhekeka komnotho omkhulu.

2. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinomshini nezici ezingalingani.

Okwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinezinqubo nezakhiwo ze-asymmetrical, ukuqhekeka kuvame ukwenzeka emingceleni yokusanhlamvu nakwamanye amakhasi esigaba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-deformation yokubumba ngokuvamile yenziwa ngokuzungezile izinga lokushisa elilinganayo lamandla wezinto zensimbi. Ukuguqulwa komngcele wokusanhlamvu kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke umngcele wokusanhlamvu wezinto zensimbi uyingozi embonini ye-metallurgical, isigaba sesibili kanye nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi zigxilwe endaweni. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, amakhemikhali aphansi e-solubility point emingceleni yokusanhlamvu kwezinye izinto ezingavuthiwe akhiqiza ukuncibilika, okuqinile.

Nciphisa deformation plastic izinto zokusetshenziswa; Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ezinye izakhi (isulfure, ithusi, njll.) ezintweni ezizungezile zisakazwa eduze komngcele wokusanhlamvu ukuya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwensimbi, okuholela ekubukekeni okungavamile kwesigaba sesibili kanye nokuba buthakathaka komngcele wokusanhlamvu. . Kokunye, izinto ezivamile zensimbi zinokuhlangana okubi nezigaba ezithile ngenxa yomehluko wezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zalezi zigaba ezimbili.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekufongeni ngokuvamile azilingani. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhekeka kwama-forgings amahhala kwenzeka futhi kukhule eduze komngcele wokusanhlamvu noma umngcele wesigaba ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu okwenza ukuwohloka.