I-1, Ekukhiqizeni ukukhiqiza, ukulimala kwangaphandle okuvame ukwenzeka kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu ngokusho kwezimbangela zazo: ukulimala komshini - imihuzuko noma amaqhubu abangelwa ngokuqondile amathuluzi noma ama-workpieces; Scald; Ukulimala kukagesi.

2, Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe bokuphepha nokuvikelwa kwabasebenzi, izici zeshabhu yokuqamba yilezi:

1. Ukukhiqizwa kokubumba kwenziwa esimweni esishisayo sensimbi (njengokubumba insimbi ye-carbon ephansi ezingeni lokushisa elingu-1250-750 ℃), futhi ngenxa yenani elikhulu lomsebenzi wezandla, ukunganaki okuncane kungase kubangele ukushisa.

2.Iziko lokushisisa nezinsimbi ezishisayo zensimbi, izikhala, nezimbobo endaweni yokusebenzela yokubumba ngokuqhubekayo zikhipha inani elikhulu lokushisa okukhazimulayo (ama-forging asenezinga lokushisa eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa ekupheleni kokufoja), futhi izisebenzi zivame ukuchayeka emisebeni eshisayo.

I-3.Intuthu nothuli okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokushisa kwesithando sokushisa endaweni yokusebenzela yokubumba kukhishwa emoyeni we-workshop, okungathinti nje ukuhlanzeka, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukubonakala endaweni yokusebenzela (ikakhulukazi ukushisa ukushisa okushisa ukushisa okuqinile. ), futhi kungase kubangele nezingozi ezihlobene nomsebenzi.

4.Izisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ukukhiqiza, okufana nezando zomoya, izando zesitimu, umshini wokunyathelisa we-friction, njll., zonke zikhipha amandla okuthonya ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Uma okokusebenza kungaphansi kwemithwalo enjalo yomthelela, kuthambekela ekulimaleni okungazelelwe (njengokuphuka kungazelelwe kwe-forging hammer piston rod), okungadala izingozi zokulimala okubi kakhulu.

5.Imishini yokucindezela (efana ne-hydraulic press, i-crank hot forging press, imishini yokufoja eyisicaba, imishini yokugunda ngokunemba) kanye nemishini yokugunda inomthelela ophansi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kodwa ukulimala okungazelelwe emishini nakho kungase kwenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile. Abashayeli bavame ukubanjwa bengalindele futhi bangase babangele izingozi ezihlobene nomsebenzi.

6.Amandla asetshenziswa yimishini yokubumba ngesikhathi sokusebenza abalulekile, njengemishini yokunyathelisa ye-crank, imishini yokunyathelisa enwebekayo, kanye nemishini yokunyathelisa ye-hydraulic. Nakuba izimo zabo zokusebenza zizinzile, amandla akhiqizwa izingxenye zabo zokusebenza abalulekile. Isibonelo, i-China ikhiqize futhi yasebenzisa umshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic ongamathani ayi-12000. Kungumshini ojwayelekile we-100-150t, futhi amandla okukhiphayo asevele amakhulu ngokwanele. Uma kunephutha elincane ekufakweni noma ekusebenzeni kwesikhunta, amandla amaningi angeke asebenze ku-workpiece, kodwa ezingxenyeni zesikhunta, ithuluzi, noma imishini ngokwayo. Ngale ndlela, amanye amaphutha okufaka nokulungiswa noma ukusebenza kwamathuluzi okungafanele kungase kubangele ukulimala kwezingxenye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezimbi noma izingozi zomuntu siqu.

7. Amathuluzi namathuluzi asizayo okufoja abasebenzi, ikakhulukazi amathuluzi okufoja ngesandla namahhala, ama-clamp, njll., afika ngamagama ahlukahlukene futhi abekwe ndawonye endaweni yokusebenza. Emsebenzini, ukushintshwa kwamathuluzi kuvame kakhulu futhi ukugcinwa kuvame ukuxaka, okwandisa ngokungagwemeki ubunzima bokuhlola lawa mathuluzi. Uma ithuluzi elithile lidingeka ekwenzeni umgunyathi kodwa lingatholakali ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi amathuluzi afanayo asetshenziswa "ngokungaqondile", okuvame ukuholela ezingozini ezihlobene nomsebenzi.

8. Ngenxa yomsindo nokudlidliza okukhiqizwa izinto zokusebenza endaweni yokusebenzela yokukhohlisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza, indawo yokusebenza inomsindo omkhulu futhi ayijabulisi endlebeni, ithinta ukuzwa komuntu kanye nesimiso sezinzwa, iphazamisa ukunaka, futhi ngaleyo ndlela yandise amathuba ezingozi.

3, Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zezingozi ezihlobene nomsebenzi ekubumbeni ama-workshops

1. Izindawo nezinto zokusebenza ezidinga ukuvikeleka azinazo izisetshenziswa zokuzivikela nezokuphepha.

2. Imishini yokuvikela ayiphelele noma ayisebenzi.

3. Imishini yokukhiqiza ngokwayo inamaphutha noma ukungasebenzi kahle.

4. Ukulimala kwemishini noma amathuluzi kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingafanele.

5. Kunezinkinga nge-forging die ne-anvil.

6. Izinxushunxushu ekuhleleni nasekuphatheni emsebenzini.

7. Izindlela zokusebenza ezingalungile zenqubo kanye nomsebenzi wokulungisa osizayo.

8. Izinto zokuzivikela ezifana nezibuko zokuzivikela zinephutha, futhi izingubo zokusebenza nezicathulo azihlangabezani nezimo zokusebenza.

9.Lapho abantu abambalwa besebenza ndawonye esabelweni, abaxhumani omunye nomunye.

10. Ukuntuleka kwemfundo yezobuchwepheshe nolwazi lokuphepha, okuholela ekwamukelweni kwezinyathelo nezindlela ezingalungile.