Forgingsngemva kokucisha, i-martensite kanye ne-austenite egciniwe ayizinzile, banokushintshashintsha kwenhlangano okuzenzakalelayo ekuzinzeni, njengekhabhoni ye-supersaturated e-martensite ukuze kuncishiswe ukubola kwe-austenite eyinsalela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka, okufana nokufutheka kuyinhlangano engalingani. ukulinganisa izinqubo zenhlangano, le nqubo incike ekufudukeni kwe-athomu kanye nokusakazwa kwalokhu kugunyazwa kanye kuqediwe izinga lokushisa lomlilo liphakeme, isivinini sokusabalalisa ngokushesha;Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa elishisayo, isakhiwo sokucisha se-forging sizobhekana nochungechunge lwezinguquko. Ngokwesimo sokuguqulwa kwe-microstructure, ukushisa kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine: ukubola kwe-martensite, ukubola kwe-austenite eyinsalela, ukukhula kokuqoqwa kwe-carbide kanye ne-ferrite recrystallization.
Isigaba sokuqala (200)
(1) ukuqambai-martensite eshisayo ibola ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elingu-80, icisha insimbi ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwe-Ming S, ukuvela kwekhabhoni ku-martensite kuphela ingxenye, futhi akukho ukuqala ukudiliza ku-80-200 tempering, i-martensite iqala ukubola, idonsa i-carbides ecashile kakhulu, inciphisa ingxenye enkulu ye-martensite ku-carbon forgings kulesi sigaba, ngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphansi, imvula ye-martensitic ingxenye kuphela yama-athomu ekhabhoni ene-supersaturated, ngakho-ke kuseyikhabhoni ku- - Fe supersaturated isixazululo esiqinileImvula ye-carbide ecwebe kakhulu isabalalisa ngokulinganayo ku-matrix ye-martensite. Isakhiwo esixubile sokugcwala okuphansi kwe-Martensite kanye ne-carbide enhle kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i- tempered Martensite.

(2)ukuqambaukufudumala esigabeni sesibili (200-300), ukubola kwe-austenite eyinsalela lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka laya ku-200-300, ukubola kwe-martensite kwaqhubeka, kodwa ukuguqulwa okuyinhloko ukubola kwe-austenite eyinsalela yokubola kwe-austenite eyinsalela kwakungokwandiswa kwama-athomu e-carbon. ukwakha indawo eyingxenye, bese ibola ibe yisigaba se-alpha kanye nengxube yenhlangano ye-carbide, okungukuthi ukwakheka kokuqina kwensimbi ye-bainite akunciphisi ngokusobala kulesi sigaba
(3)Isigaba sesithathu (250-400) sokuguqulwa kwe-carbide ye-forging tempering ikulesi sigaba sokushisa. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, ikhono lokusabalalisa i-Carbon athomu linamandla, amandla okusabalalisa okubuyisela ama-athomu ensimbi futhi, i-martensite ibolisa ukuguqulwa kwe-carbides yemvula kanye nokubola okusele kwe-austenite kuzoguqulwa kube usimende ozinzile ngokuhlukana nokuguqulwa kwama-carbides, ukwehla. of martensite in carbon mass ingxenyenamba, martensite lattice ukuhlanekezela zinyamalale, martensitic ukuguqulwa for i-ferrite, thola ukusatshalaliswa kwe-matrix ye-ferritic ngaphakathi kwe-granular encane noma i-lamellar cementite yenhlangano, inhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi i-temering ngokuyisisekelo iqedwe lesi sigaba sokucisha ingcindezi, ubulukhuni, ukuqina kwepulasitiki kwathuthukiswa.

(4)Isigaba sesine se-forging tempering (& GT;400) ikhule i-carbide eqoqiwe futhi i-ferrite iphinda i-crystallization ngenxa yokushisa okushisayo iphezulu kakhulu, ama-athomu e-carbon ne-iron anekhono elinamandla lokusabalala, isigaba sesithathu sokwakheka kwama-cementite flakes azoqhubeka e-spheroidizing futhi akhule. phezulu ngaphezu kuka-500-600, i-alpha recrystallization yenzeka kancane kancane, ilahlekelwe i-ferrite morphology yomugqa wokuqala wepuleti noma ishidi, futhi ifomu ukusabalalisa okusanhlamvu kwe-polygon enhlanganweni njenge-ferritic matrix granular carbides, iqembu elibizwa ngokuthi i-temering sorbite tempered sorbite enezici ezinhle eziphelele zemishini zesigaba kanye nokuhlanekezela kwe-lattice kuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.

(kusuka ku-168 forging net)