Iimveliso ezinkulu kunyeforgingsdlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni izixhobo zoomatshini, ukwenziwa kweemoto, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, isikhululo samandla, ishishini lezixhobo, ukwenziwa kwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kunye namanye amacandelo. Njengamacandelo abaluleke kakhulu, anomthamo omkhulu kunye nobunzima, kwaye iteknoloji yabo kunye nokusebenza kunzima. Inkqubo edla ngokusetyenziswa emva kokunyibilikisa ingot,ukwenzaokanye ukuphosa ukunyibilika kwakhona, ngomatshini wokufudumeza ophezulu-frequency ukufumana ubungakanani obufunekayo bemilo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko zenkonzo yayo. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo zetekhnoloji yokucubungula, kukho izakhono ezithile zokusebenzisa ukufumanisa isiphene se-ultrasonic sokuphosa kunye nokwenza iinxalenye.
I. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic yokuphosa
Ngenxa yobukhulu benkozo erhabaxa, ukungakwazi ukungena kakuhle kwesandi kunye nomlinganiselo ophantsi wesignali ukuya kwingxolo yokuphosa, kunzima ukubona iziphene ngokusebenzisa isandi esinamandla omsindo ophindaphindwayo ekusasazeni ukuphosa, xa idibana nengaphakathi. umphezulu okanye isiphene, isiphene sifunyenwe. Ubungakanani bamandla omsindo obonakalisiweyo ngumsebenzi wokuthe ngqo kunye neepropathi zomphezulu wangaphakathi okanye isiphene kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-acoustic yaloo mzimba ubonakalisayo. Ke ngoko, amandla omsindo abonakalisiweyo kwiziphene ezahlukeneyo okanye indawo yangaphakathi ingasetyenziselwa ukubona indawo yeziphene, ubukhulu bodonga okanye ubunzulu beziphene phantsi komhlaba. Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic njengendlela yovavanyo olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi olungonakalisiyo, iingenelo zayo eziphambili zezi: uvakalelo oluphezulu lokubona, lunokubona iintanda ezintle; Inomthamo omkhulu wokungena, inokubona ukutyhilwa kwecandelo elishinyeneyo. Imida yayo ephambili yile ilandelayo: kunzima ukutolika i-waveform ebonakalisiweyo yesiphene sokuqhawula kunye nobukhulu be-contour kunye nokungahambi kakuhle; Izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezingafunekiyo, ezifana nobukhulu beenkozo, i-microstructure, i-porosity, umxholo wokubandakanywa okanye i-precipitates edibeneyo edibeneyo, iphinda ithintele ukutolika kwe-waveform. Ukongeza, ireferensi yeebhloko zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo ziyafuneka.

2.forging inspection ultrasonic
(1)Ukuqulunqa inkqubokunye neziphene eziqhelekileyo
Forgingszenziwe ngentsimbi eshushu ingot deformed yiukwenza. Iinkqubo yokubumbaibandakanya ukufudumeza, ukuguqulwa kunye nokupholisa.Forgingsiziphene zinokwahlulwa zibe ziziphene zokuphosa,ukwenza iziphenekunye neziphene zokunyanga ubushushu. Iziphene zokuphosa ikakhulu zibandakanya intsalela yokuncipha, ukukhululeka, ukubandakanywa, ukuqhekeka njalo njalo.Ukwenza izipheneikakhulu ziquka ukusonga, indawo emhlophe, crack njalo njalo. Isiphako esiphambili sonyango lokushisa kukuqhekeka.
Intsalela ye-shrinkage ye-shrinkage yi-shrinkage cavity kwi-ingot ekubambeni xa intloko inganele ukuba ihlale, ixhaphake kakhulu ekupheleni kwe-forgings.
Loose yi ingot ukuqina shrinkage eyenziwe kwi ingot ayikho ngqingqwa kunye imingxunya, ukubunjwa ngenxa yokunqongophala ukubunjwa ratio kwaye hayi inyibilike ngokupheleleyo, ikakhulu kwiziko ingot kunye nentloko. e
Ukubandakanywa kunokubandakanywa kwangaphakathi, ukufakwa kwangaphandle kwe-non-metallic kunye nokufakwa kwesinyithi. Ukufakwa kwangaphakathi kugxininiswe kakhulu kwiziko kunye nentloko ye-ingot.
Iintanda ziquka iintanda, ukwenza iintanda kunye neentanda zokunyanga ubushushu. Ukuqhekeka kwe-Intergranular kwintsimbi ye-austenitic kubangelwa ukuphosa. Ukunyangwa okungafanelekanga kunye nokushisa kuya kwenza iintanda kumphezulu okanye umbindi wokubumba.
Inqaku elimhlophe ngumxholo we-hydrogen ephezulu ye-forging, epholisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokukhwabanisa, i-hydrogen enyibilikisiweyo kwintsimbi kade kakhulu ukuba ibaleke, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okubangelwa luxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Amabala amhlophe agxininiswe kakhulu kumbindi wecandelo elikhulu lokubumba. Amabala amhlophe ahlala ebonakala kumaqela ensimbi. * x- H9 [:
(2) Isishwankathelo seendlela zokubona iziphene
Ngokohlelo lwexesha lokufumanisa isiphene, ukufunyaniswa kwesiphene kunokwahlulwa kube yimathiriyeli yokubona isiphene kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukuhlolwa kwemveliso kunye nokuhlolwa kwenkonzo.
Injongo yokufumanisa isiphene kwizinto eziluhlaza kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa kukufumana iziphene kwangethuba ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo kwangethuba ukuphepha ukuphuhliswa kunye nokwandiswa kweziphene ezibangela ukuchithwa. Injongo yokuhlolwa kwemveliso kukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Injongo yokuhlolwa emsebenzini kukubeka esweni iziphene ezinokuthi zenzeke okanye ziphuhliswe emva kokusebenza, ngakumbi iintanda zokudinwa. + 1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-shaft forgings
Inkqubo yokubunjwa kwe-shaft forgings isekelwe ikakhulu kumzobo, ngoko ke ukuqhelaniswa kweziphene ezininzi kuhambelana ne-axis. Isiphumo sokubhaqwa kwezo ziphene zingcono ngamaza obude obuthe ngqo ukusuka kwicala leradial. Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba iziphene ziya kuba nolunye unikezelo kunye nolungelelwaniso, ngoko ke i-shaft ibumba ubhaqo lwesiphene, kufuneka kwakhona yongezwe ngobhaqo oluthe ngqo lwe-axial probe kunye ne-oblique probe circumferential ubhaqo kunye nobhaqo lwe-axial.
2. Ukuhlolwa kweekeyiki kunye nesitya sokubumba isitya
Inkqubo yokwenza ikhekhe kunye ne-bowl forgings iphazamiseka kakhulu, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kweziphene kuhambelana nobuso besiphelo, ngoko ke yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona iziphene ngophando oluthe ngqo ebusweni bokugqibela.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwee-cylinder forgings
Inkqubo yokubumba i-cylinder forgings iyaphazamisa, ibetha kwaye iqengqeleke. Ngoko ke, ukuqhelaniswa kweziphene kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kunoko kwe-shaft kunye ne-cake forgings. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba indawo esembindini yeyona nto imbi yomgangatho we-ingot isusiwe xa kuhlatywa, umgangatho we-cylinder forgings ungcono. Eyona nto iphambili yokuqhelaniswa neziphene isangqamana nomphezulu we-cylindrical ngaphandle kwe-cylindrical, ngoko ke i-cylindrical forgings isabonwa ikakhulu ngeprobe ethe tye, kodwa kwi-cylindrical forgings eneendonga ezishinyeneyo, i-oblique probe kufuneka yongezwe.
(3) Ukukhethwa kweemeko zokufumanisa
Ukukhetha iProbe
ForgingsUkuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, usetyenziso oluphambili lwe-longitudinal wave ngqo probe, ubukhulu be-wafer ye-φ 14 ~ φ 28mm, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo φ 20mm. Kubaiintyatyambo ezincinci, i-chip probe isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngokuqwalasela indawo ekufutshane kunye nelahleko yokudibanisa. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuze uchonge iziphene ngeEngile ethile yendawo yobhaqo, ingasebenzisa ixabiso elithile le-K leprobe echongisiweyo ukuze ibonwe. Ngenxa yempembelelo yendawo eyimfama kunye nommandla okufutshane wentsimi yeprobe ethe ngqo, i-crystal double probe ngqo isoloko isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene ezikufutshane.
Iinkozo ze-forging zincinci ngokubanzi, ngoko ke ukubonwa kwesiphene rhoqo kunokukhethwa, ngokwesiqhelo yi-2.5 ~ 5.0mhz. Kumatyeli ambalwa anobukhulu obuziinkozo kunye nokuthomalalisa okunzulu, ukuze kuthintelwe "i-echo yehlathi" kunye nokuphucula umlinganiselo wesignali ukuya kwingxolo, i-frequency esezantsi, ngokubanzi 1.0 ~ 2.5mhz, kufuneka ikhethwe.