Kunyango lobushushu lokubumba, ngenxa yamandla amakhulu eziko lokufudumeza kunye nexesha elide lokugquma, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kukhulu kuyo yonke inkqubo, kwixesha elide, indlela yokugcina amandla kunyango lobushushu lokubumba kuye kwaba njalo. ingxaki enzima.

Okubizwa ngokuba yi "zero insulation" ukucima, kukwalatha ukufudumeza forging, umphezulu wayo kunye core ukufikelela ubushushu ukucima ubushushu, akukho ukugquma, ngoko nangoko ukucima inkqubo yokupholisa.Ngokutsho theory yemveli austenitic, forging kufuneka ibe elide. ixesha lokugquma kwinkqubo yokufudumeza, ukuze kugqitywe i-nucleation kunye nokukhula kweenkozo ze-austenitic, ukuchithwa kwe-cementite eseleyo kunye ne-homogenization. of austenitic.Itekhnoloji yangoku yokucima kunye nokufudumeza itekhnoloji ye-forgings iveliswa phantsi kokhokelo lwale nkcazo-bungcali.Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yangoku yokucima, "ukugcinwa kobushushu be-zero" ukucima kusindisa ixesha lokugcinwa kobushushu obufunwa yi-homogenization yesakhiwo se-austenitic, kungekhona nje kuphela. gcina i-20% -30% yamandla, uphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ngama-20% -30%, kodwa unokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iziphene i-oxidation, i-decarbonization, i-deformation kunye nokunye, okulungele ukuphuculwa komgangatho wemveliso.

Xa i-carbon steel kunye nentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy ishushu kwi-Ac1 okanye i-Ac2, inkqubo ye-homogenization ye-austenite kunye nokuchithwa kwe-carbides kwi-pearlite ikhawuleza.Xa ubungakanani bentsimbi buyingxenye yecandelo elincinci, ukubalwa kwexesha lokufudumala akudingi kuqwalasela. Ukugquma kwe-thermal, oko kukuthi, ukufikelela kwi-zero yokucima ukushisa kwe-thermal. I-100mm, ukufudumeza kwisithando somoya, ukushisa kwendawo kunye nengundoqo kufikeleleke ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko ixesha layo elifanayo linokungahoywa, xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yemveli yokuvelisa (r = aD) kunye ne-coefficient yokufudumeza enkulu, ingaba kuncitshiswe phantse 20% -25% ukucima ukufudumeza ixesha.

Uhlalutyo lwethiyori kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwamkela "i-zero insulation" ekucimeni nasekufudumeni okuqhelekileyo kwentsimbi yesakhiwo. Ngokukodwa, i-45, 45 mn2 yentsimbi ye-carbon structural okanye i-alloy element enye yentsimbi yesakhiwo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-"zero insulation" inkqubo inokuqinisekisa iimpawu zoomatshini kwiimfuno;45, 35CrMo, GCrl5 kunye nezinye intsimbi yolwakhiwo lwentsimbi, ukusetyenziswa "i-zero insulation" ukufudumeza kunokufudumala kwendabuko kunokugcina ixesha lokufudumeza malunga ne-50%, ukonga amandla e-10% -15%, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-20% -30%, kwangaxeshanye "i-zero insulation" inkqubo yokucima inceda. ukusulungekisa okuziinkozo, ukuphucula amandla.

(Ukusuka kwi: 168 forgings net)