Ukunyangwa kungahlelwa ngokwezi ndlela zilandelayo:

1. Hlela ngokokubekwa kwezixhobo zokubumba kunye nokubumba.

2. Ihlelwa ngokubumba iqondo lobushushu.

3. Hlela ngokwemowudi yentshukumo ehambelanayo yezixhobo zokubumba kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza.

Ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokubumba kubandakanya ukukhetha izinto ezikrwada, ukubalwa kwezinto, ukusika, ukufudumeza, ukubalwa kwamandla okuguqula, ukukhetha izixhobo kunye noyilo lokungunda. Ngaphambi kokubumba, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuthambisa kunye ne-lubricant.

Izinto zokubumba zigubungela uluhlu olubanzi, kubandakanywa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo entsimbi kunye ne-alloys yobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous ezifana ne-aluminium, i-magnesium kunye nobhedu; Kukho zombini iintonga kunye neeprofayili zobungakanani obuhlukeneyo obucutshungulwayo kanye, kunye neengots zeenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo; Ukongeza ekusebenziseni kakhulu imathiriyeli eveliswe ekhaya efanele ubutyebi belizwe lethu, kukwakho nemathiriyeli evela phesheya. Uninzi lwezinto ezibunjiweyo sele zidweliswe kwimigangatho yelizwe. Kukwakho nezixhobo ezininzi ezitsha ezithe zaphuhliswa, zavavanywa, zaza zakhuthazwa. Njengoko kuyaziwa, umgangatho weemveliso uhlala uhambelana ngokusondeleyo nomgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza. Ke ngoko, abasebenzi bomgunyathi kufuneka babe nolwazi olubanzi nolunzulu lwemathiriyeli kwaye balunge ekukhetheni ezona mathiriyeli zifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zenkqubo.

Ukubala kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokusika ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye nokuphumeza izithuba ezisulungekileyo. Izinto ezigqithisileyo azibangeli nje inkunkuma, kodwa kwandisa ukuguga kwesikhunta kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukuba akukho mda omncinci oshiywe ngexesha lokusika, kuya kwandisa ubunzima bokulungiswa kwenkqubo kunye nokunyusa izinga le-scrap. Ukongeza, umgangatho wobuso bokusika ubuye ube nefuthe kwinkqubo kunye nomgangatho wokubumba.

Injongo yokufudumeza kukunciphisa ukubumba amandla okuguqula kunye nokuphucula iplastiki yesinyithi. Kodwa ukufudumeza kuzisa uthotho lweengxaki, ezifana ne-oxidation, i-decarburization, i-overheating, kunye nokutshisa. Ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo amaqondo okushisa okuqala kunye nokugqibela okudala kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwi-microstructure kunye neempawu zemveliso. Ukufudumala kwesithando somlilo kuneenzuzo zexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuguquguquka okunamandla, kodwa ixesha lokufudumeza lide, elixhomekeke kwi-oxidation kunye ne-decarburization, kunye neemeko zokusebenza kufuneka ziphuculwe ngokuqhubekayo. Ukufudumeza kwe-induction kunezibonelelo zokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-oxidation encinci, kodwa ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwimilo yemveliso, ubungakanani, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zimbi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo yokufudumeza kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla kwimveliso yokubumba kwaye kufuneka kuxatyiswe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuqulunqa kuveliswa phantsi kwamandla angaphandle. Ngoko ke, ukubalwa okuchanekileyo kwamandla okuguqula isiseko sisiseko sokukhetha izixhobo kunye nokuqhuba ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhunta. Ukuqhuba uhlalutyo loxinzelelo loxinzelelo ngaphakathi kumzimba ogogekileyo kukwabalulekile ekuphuculeni inkqubo kunye nokulawula ulwakhiwo lwe-microstructure kunye neempawu zokubumba. Kukho iindlela ezine eziphambili zokuhlalutya amandla okuguqula. Nangona indlela yoxinzelelo oluphambili ayingqongqo kakhulu, ilula kwaye inembile. Iyakwazi ukubala uxinzelelo olupheleleyo kunye nokusabalalisa uxinzelelo kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza kunye nesixhobo, kwaye inokubona nge-intuitively impembelelo ye-aspect ratio kunye ne-friction coefficient ye-workpiece kuyo; Indlela yomgca wokutyibilika ingqongqo kwiingxaki zoxinzelelo lwenqwelomoya kwaye ibonelela ngesisombululo esiqondakalayo sokusasazwa koxinzelelo kwi-deformation yasekhaya yezixhobo zokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuncinci kwaye akufane kuxelwe kwiincwadi zamva nje; Indlela ephezulu yokubopha inokubonelela ngemithwalo engaphezulu, kodwa kwimbono yezemfundo, ayingqongqo kakhulu kwaye inokubonelela ngolwazi oluncinci kakhulu kunendlela yento egqityiweyo, ngoko isetyenziswe ngokungaqhelekanga kutshanje; Indlela yezinto ezinqamlekileyo ayikwazi ukubonelela kuphela imithwalo yangaphandle kunye neenguqu kwimilo ye-workpiece, kodwa inikezela ngokusabalalisa kwangaphakathi koxinzelelo kunye nokuqikelela iziphene ezinokwenzeka, okwenza kube yindlela esebenza kakhulu. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngenxa yexesha elide lokubala elifunekayo kunye nesidingo sokuphucula kwimiba yobugcisa efana nokuzoba ngokutsha kwegridi, umda wesicelo wawulinganiselwe kwiiyunivesithi kunye namaziko ophando lwenzululwazi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuthandwa kunye nokuphuculwa okukhawulezayo kweekhompyuter, kunye nesoftware yorhwebo eyandayo yohlalutyo olungenasiphelo, le ndlela iye yaba sisixhobo esisisiseko sohlalutyo kunye nokubala.

Ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana akukwazi nje ukugcina amandla, kodwa nokuphucula ixesha lokuphila lokubumba. Enye yemilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa ukungqubuzana kukusebenzisa i-lubrication, enceda ukuphucula i-microstructure kunye neempawu zemveliso ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwayo okufanayo. Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubumba kunye namaqondo obushushu okusebenza, izithambiso ezisetyenziswayo nazo zahlukile. Izithambisi zeglasi ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukwenza iialloyi zobushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-titanium alloys. Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi eshushu, igraphite esekwe emanzini sisithambiso esisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukubumba okubandayo, ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, unyango lwe-phosphate okanye i-oxalate luhlala lufuneka ngaphambi kokuba lufake.