1. Idayamitha ye-DN:
I-FlangeIdayamitha eqhelekileyo ibhekisa kwidayamitha yesiqhelo yesikhongozeli okanye umbhobho oneflange. Idayamitha yesiqhelo yesikhongozeli ibhekisa kwidayamitha yangaphakathi yesikhongozeli (ngaphandle kwesikhongozeli esinetyhubhu njengesilinda), idiameter yegama lombhobho ibhekisa kwidayamitha yayo yegama, elixabiso phakathi kwedayamitha yangaphakathi kunye nedayamitha yangaphandle umbhobho, uninzi lwawo lusondele kububanzi bangaphakathi bombhobho. Ububanzi obungaphandle bombhobho wensimbi kunye nobubanzi obufanayo bufana, kwaye ububanzi bangaphakathi buhluke ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu buyaguquka. 14 - bona itheyibhile yoku-1.

2. Uxinzelelo lwe-PN:
Uxinzelelo lwegama linqanaba loxinzelelo olubekelwe injongo yokuseka umgangatho. 14 bona itafile yesi-2.
3. Ubuninzi boxinzelelo lokusebenza oluvumelekileyo:
Uxinzelelo lwegama kwisitya soxinzelelo lwe-flange umgangatho umiselwa phantsi kwemekoimpahla yeflangeI-16Mn (okanye i-16MnR) kunye nobushushu bokuyila i-200oC. Xa iimpahla yeflangekunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, uxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza lwe-flange luya kwanda okanye lunciphise. Ngokomzekelo, ubuninzi bengcinezelo yokusebenza evumelekileyo ye-welding flange yentamo ende iboniswe kwiThebhile 14-3.