Ngenxa yokuba ayinabalaizixhobo zentsimbizihlala zisetyenziswa kwindawo ephambili yomatshini, ngoko umgangatho wangaphakathi we-stainlessizixhobo zentsimbiibaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho wangaphakathi we-stainlessizixhobo zentsimbiayinakuvavanywa ngendlela enembileyo, ngoko ke iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokuhlola umzimba kunye neekhemikhali zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya.

Okokuqala, iipropathi mechanical of forgings
Iimpawu zoomatshini zeforgingszimiselwa ngokweemfuno zemveliso. Iindlela zovavanyo zohlulwe zibe luvavanyo lokuqina, uvavanyo lwe-tensile, uvavanyo lwempembelelo kunye novavanyo lokudinwa.
1. Uvavanyo lokuqina
Ukuqina kukumelana nokuguqulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, sisalathiso esilinganisa izinto zetsimbi ezithambileyo. Ubunzima kunye nezinye iimpawu zoomatshini zinobudlelwane obuthile bangaphakathi, ngoko ke ezinye iimpawu zomatshini wezinto eziphathekayo zinokuqikelelwa ngexabiso lobunzima. Uvavanyo lokuqina aludingi kulungisa iisampulu ezikhethekileyo, kwaye aluyi kutshabalalisa umzekelo, ngoko ke uvavanyo lokuqina lolona luqhelekileyo lusetyenziswa ekuveliseni indlela yovavanyo lwepropathi yoomatshini.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya ubulukhuni kunye namaxabiso ahlukeneyo ngala: Ukuqina kweBrinell (HB), ukuqina kweRockwell (HRC), ukuqina kweVickers (HV), Ukuqina konxweme (HS), kunye nomvavanyi wobulukhuni ohambelanayo.
2. Uvavanyo lwe-tensile
Ngokusebenzisa umthwalo we-tensile kumzekelo wemilo ethile ngomatshini wokuzibamba, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo lobude, inqaku lesivuno, amandla okuqina, ulwandiso kunye nokuncitshiswa kwecandelo lemathiriyeli yesinyithi.
3. Uvavanyo lwempembelelo
Ukuqina kwempembelelo yentsimbi kufunyenwe ngokusebenzisa i-pendulum yesantya esiphezulu ukuchaphazela i-specimen ngenotshi.
4. Uvavanyo lokukhathala
Umda wokukhathala kunye namandla okukhathala kwesinyithi unokulinganiswa emva koxinzelelo oluphindaphindiweyo okanye olutshintshanayo.
Okwesibini, uhlolo olungonakalisi lokubumba
Uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo lunokwahlulwa lube luvavanyo lweradiographic, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, uvavanyo lwamasuntswana omagnetic, uvavanyo lwe-seepage kunye novavanyo lwangoku lwe-eddy. I-Forgings isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic kunye novavanyo lwe-magnetic particle.
1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic
I-ultrasonic wave (i-frequency ngokuqhelekileyo inkulu kune-20000Hz) iya kubonakalisa kwaye i-refract kwi-interface yezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba kukho iziphene zezinto ezahlukeneyo kwimathiriyeli eqinileyo, ukubonakaliswa kwamaza kunye nokunciphisa kuya kuveliswa. Ubukho beziphene bunokujongwa ngemiqondiso yomaza.
Enkulu naphakathiforgings, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zovavanyo olungonakalisi.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwamasuntswana emagnethi
Iziphene ezinje ngokuqhekeka, iipores kunye ne-nonmetallic inclusions kunye nakufuphi nomphezulu wokwenza izinto zinokujongwa ngokuhlolwa kwesuntswana lamagnetic. Ngenxa yezixhobo zayo ezilula, ukusebenza ngokulula kunye novelwano oluphezulu, le ndlela ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iifogi ezincinci kunye neziphakathi eziveliswe ngobuninzi.
Isithathu, amandla aphantsi kunye novavanyo lokwaphuka
Ukuhlolwa kwamandla aphantsi yisampuli emva komlinganiselo othile wokucubungula, kwaye emva koko ngeso le-10 ~ 30 amaxesha eglasi yokukhulisa ukukhangela isampuli, ukuze ufumane iziphene zensimbi engenasici. I-Streamline, i-dendrite, i-loose, i-naphthalene, i-fracture yamatye kunye nezinye iziphene zingahlolwa ngokusika iisampuli ze-wafer kunye ne-asidi etching. Ukuze kubonwe ulwahlulo, ngokukodwa ukusabalalisa okungafaniyo kwesulfide, indlela yokushicilela isulfure isetyenziswa.
Isine, ukuhlolwa kwamandla aphezulu
Ukufakwa kwensimbi engenasici kuya kwenziwa kwisampuli ethile phantsi kwe-microscope ukujonga ukubunjwa kwangaphakathi (okanye ukuphuka) kwimeko yombutho okanye iziphene ezincinci. Ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi kunye nokusabalalisa okubandakanywayo kwe-forging kunokutshekishwa ngokusika isampuli ye-longitudinal. Iziphene zomphezulu ezifana ne-decarburization, i-coarse-grained, i-carburized kunye ne-hardware layers inokujongwa ngokusika iisampulu ezinqamlezileyo.