I-1, Kwimveliso yokuqulunqa, ukulimala kwangaphandle okunokuthi kwenzeke kunokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezintathu ngokwezizathu zabo: ukwenzakala ngoomatshini - imikrwelo okanye amaqhuma abangelwa ngokuthe ngqo zizixhobo okanye izixhobo zokusebenza; Ukutshisa; Ukwenzakala kombane.

2, Ngokwembono yetekhnoloji yokhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, iimpawu zeworkshop yokubumba zezi:

1. Ukuveliswa kwemveliso kuqhutyelwa kwimeko eshushu yensimbi (njengokubumba insimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni kwiqondo lokushisa le-1250-750 ℃), kwaye ngenxa yobuninzi bomsebenzi wezandla, ukungakhathali okuncinci kunokubangela ukutshisa.

I-2.I-furnace yokufudumeza kunye ne-ingots yentsimbi eshushu, i-blanks, kunye ne-forging kwi-workshop yokubumba ngokuqhubekayo ikhupha umthamo omkhulu wokushisa okukhazimulayo (i-forgings isenobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu ekupheleni kwe-forging), kwaye abasebenzi bavame ukubonakaliswa kwimitha ye-thermal.

3.Umsi kunye nothuli oluveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshisa isithando somlilo kwi-workshop yokubumba ikhutshwe emoyeni we-workshop, engachaphazeli nje ucoceko kuphela, kodwa iyancipha ukubonakala kwi-workshop (ngokukodwa ukufudumeza iziko ezitshisa iifutha eziqinileyo. ), kwaye kunokubangela iingozi ezinxulumene nomsebenzi.

4.Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imveliso, ezifana neehamile zomoya, iihamile ze-steam, ii-friction presses, njl., zonke zikhupha amandla empembelelo ngexesha lokusebenza. Xa isixhobo siphantsi komthwalo onjalo wokuchaphazeleka, sisengozini yokonakala ngequbuliso (njengokophuka ngesiquphe kwentonga yehammer piston), enokubangela iingozi ezimandundu zokwenzakala.

I-5.Imishini yokucinezela (njengama-hydraulic presses, i-crank hot forging presses, ii-flat forging machines, ii-precision presses) kunye noomatshini bokucheba banempembelelo ephantsi kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza, kodwa umonakalo wequbuliso kwisixhobo unokuphinda wenzeke amaxesha ngamaxesha. Abaqhubi bahlala bebambekile kwaye banokubangela iingozi ezinxulumene nomsebenzi.

I-6.Amandla asetyenziswa ngokukhanga izixhobo ngexesha lokusebenza kubalulekile, njenge-crank presses, i-stretch forging presses, kunye ne-hydraulic presses. Nangona iimeko zabo zokusebenza zizinzile, amandla okwenziwa ngamacandelo abo okusebenza abalulekile. Umzekelo, i-China yenze kwaye yasebenzisa i-12000 yeetoni zokushicilela ngoxinzelelo lwehydraulic. Ngumatshini oqhelekileyo we-100-150t, kwaye amandla akhuphayo sele ekhulu ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba kukho impazamo encinci ekufakeni okanye ekusebenzeni kwesikhunta, uninzi lwamandla aluyi kusebenza kwi-workpiece, kodwa kumacandelo obumba, isixhobo, okanye izixhobo ngokwazo. Ngale ndlela, ezinye iimpazamo zofakelo kunye nohlengahlengiso okanye ukusebenza kwesixhobo esingafanelekanga kunokubangela umonakalo kumacandelo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezimandundu okanye iingozi zomntu.

7. Izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo zabasebenzi bomgunyathi, ngakumbi izixhobo zokufoja ngesandla kunye nezixhobo zokufoja simahla, ii-clamps, njl., ziza ngamagama ahlukeneyo kwaye zonke zibekwe kunye kwindawo yokusebenza. Emsebenzini, ukutshintshwa kwesixhobo kuxhaphake kakhulu kwaye ukugcinwa kuhlala kumdaka, nto leyo enyusa ngokungaphephekiyo ubunzima bokuhlola ezi zixhobo. Xa isixhobo esithile sifuneka ekubumbeni kodwa singafumaneki ngokukhawuleza, ngamanye amaxesha izixhobo ezifanayo zisetyenziswa “ngokuzenzekela”, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela kwiingozi ezinxulumene nomsebenzi.

8. Ngenxa yengxolo kunye nokungcangcazela okuveliswa sisixhobo kwi-workshop yokubunjwa ngexesha lokusebenza, indawo yokusebenzela inomsindo ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye ayimnandi kwindlebe, echaphazela ukuva komntu kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous, ukuphazamisa ingqalelo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa amathuba okuba neengozi.

3, Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zeengozi ezinxulumene nomsebenzi kwiindibano zocweyo zokwenziwa

1. Iindawo kunye nezixhobo ezifuna ukhuseleko azikho izixhobo zokukhusela kunye nezokhuseleko.

2. Izixhobo zokukhusela kwizixhobo aziphelelanga okanye azisetyenziswanga.

3. Isixhobo sokuvelisa ngokwaso sineziphene okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle.

4. Izixhobo okanye umonakalo wesixhobo kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezingafanelekanga.

5. Kukho iingxaki nge-forging die and anvil.

6. Isiphithiphithi kwintlangano nolawulo lwasemsebenzini.

7. Iindlela zokusebenza zenkqubo engafanelekanga kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa oncedisayo.

8. Izixhobo zokukhusela umntu ezifana nezibuko zokukhusela ziphosakele, kwaye iimpahla zokusebenza kunye nezihlangu azihlangabezani neemeko zokusebenza.

9.Xa abantu abaninzi besebenza kunye kwisabelo, abanxibelelani omnye nomnye.

10. Ukunqongophala kwemfundo yobugcisa kunye nolwazi lokhuseleko, okubangelwa ukwamkelwa kwamanyathelo kunye neendlela ezingalunganga.