I-1.Inkqubo yokubumba ibandakanya ukusika izinto kwisayizi efunekayo, ukufudumeza, ukukhwabanisa, ukunyanga ukushisa, ukucocwa kunye nokuhlolwa. Kwi-manual-scale manual forging, yonke le misebenzi iqhutyelwa ngabasebenzi abaninzi be-forging ngezandla kunye nezandla kwindawo encinci. Bonke bachanabeke kwindawo efanayo eyingozi kunye neengozi zomsebenzi; Kwiindibano zocweyo ezinkulu zokubumba, iingozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yomsebenzi. Nangona iimeko zokusebenza zihluka ngokuxhomekeke kwifom yokubumba, babelana ngeempawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo: ukuqina okuphakathi komsebenzi womzimba, indawo eyomileyo neshushu ye-microclimate, ukuveliswa kwengxolo kunye nokungcangcazela, kunye nokungcoliswa komoya okubangelwa ngumsi.

2. Abasebenzi basesichengeni somoya wobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemitha ye-thermal, ekhokelela ekuqokeleleni kobushushu emizimbeni yabo. Ukudibanisa ubushushu kunye nobushushu be-metabolic kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye notshintsho lwe-pathological. Ukukhutshwa kokubila kweeyure ze-8 kuya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo encinci yegesi, ukunyanzeliswa komzimba, kunye neqondo lokuguquguquka kwe-thermal, ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-5 ilitha, okanye nangaphezulu. Kwiindibano zocweyo ezincinci zokubumba okanye kumgama ukusuka kwimithombo yobushushu, isalathiso soxinzelelo lobushushu sikaBeher sihlala siphakathi kwama-55 nama-95; Kodwa kwiindibano ezinkulu zokusebenzela, indawo yokusebenza kufuphi nesithando somlilo okanye umatshini wehamile unokuba phezulu njenge-150-190. Kulula ukubangela ukunqongophala kwetyuwa kunye nokutshisa ukushisa. Ngexesha elibandayo, ukubonakaliswa kweenguqu kwimeko ye-microclimate kunokukhuthaza ukuguquguquka kwayo kwinqanaba elithile, kodwa utshintsho olukhawulezayo noluqhelekileyo lunokubangela ingozi kwimpilo.

Ungcoliseko lomoya: Umoya okwindawo yokusebenza usenokuba nomsi, ikharbon monokside, ikharbon diokside, i<em>sulphur dioxide, okanye i<em>acrolein, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo nokungacoceki kwamafutha eziko lokufudumeza, kwakunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, ukuhamba komoya kunye neemeko zokuphefumla. Ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela: Ihamile yokubumba ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuvelisa ingxolo ye-low-frequency kunye ne-vibration, kodwa kusenokubakho amacandelo aphezulu-frequency, kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo lwesandi phakathi kwe-95 kunye ne-115 ye-decibels. Ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi kwi-forging vibrations kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kweemvakalelo kunye nokusebenza, okunokunciphisa umthamo womsebenzi kwaye kuchaphazele ukhuseleko.