Ukuqina kunye nokuqina zizalathisi zokusebenza ezibonisa isakhono sokucimaforgings, kwaye zikwasisiseko esibalulekileyo sokukhetha nokusebenzisa imathiriyeli.Ukuba lukhunibobona bunzima obukhulu aukwenzainokufikelela phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo.Eyona nto iphambili imisela iqondo lobulukhuni beukwenzangumxholo wekhabhoni weukwenza, okanye ngokuchanekileyo umxholo wekhabhoni wesisombululo esiqinileyo kwi-austenite ngexesha lokucima kunye nokufudumala. Ukuphakama komxholo wekhabhoni, ukuphakama kweqondo lokuqiniswa kwentsimbi kuya kuba.Nangona izinto ezixutywayo kwintsimbi zinempembelelo encinci ekuqineni kwentsimbi, zinempembelelo enkulu ekuqineni kwentsimbi.
Ukuba lukhuni luphawu olumisela ubunzulu kunye nokwabiwa kobulukhuni bentsimbi elukhuni phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo. Oko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukufumana ubunzulu bomgangatho owenziwe lukhuni xa intsimbi iqinile, eyipropati yendalo yentsimbi. lula apho i-austenite inokuguqulwa ibe yi-martensite xa intsimbi icinyiwe. Inxulumene ikakhulu nozinzo lwe-austenite epholileyo ngentsimbi, okanye kwinqanaba lokupholisa elibalulekileyointsimbi ebunjiweyo.

Emva kokucima, isakhiwo se-metallographic kunye neengqungquthela zokusabalalisa ubunzima zibonwa kwicandelo elinqamlezayo lendawo yokupholisa. Umgca wecandelo i-martensite kwaye intsalela yahlula kwiindawo ezingezizo i-Martensite, oko kukuthi, isakhiwo ngaphambi kokucima.Inokubonwa kumzobo wokuba ummandla we-martensite we-bar yensimbi ngakwesokudla unzulu, ngoko ukuqina kwayo kungcono, ubunzima be-martensite bezinto eziphathekayo ngakwesobunxele buphezulu, oko kukuthi, ukuqina kubhetele.Izinga lokupholisa lecandelo lokubumba liyahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo ngexesha lokucima.Isantya sokupholisa somphezulu siphezulu, kwaye isantya sokupholisa siyancipha. njengoko iziko lifikelela kwiziko. Ukuba isantya sokupholisa somphezulu kunye neziko lokubumba likhulu kunesantya esibalulekileyo sokupholisa sokwenza intsimbi, isakhiwo se-martensite sinokufumaneka kunye necandelo lonke lokubumba, oko kukuthi, i-forging yentsimbi iyacinywa ngokupheleleyo. inxalenye ephakathi ingaphantsi kweqondo lokupholisa elibalulekileyo, i-martensite ifunyenwe kumphezulu kunye ne-non-Martensitic tissue ifunyenwe entliziyweni, ebonisa ukuba ukubunjwa kwentsimbi akuzange kucinywe.
Kwimveliso, ukuqina okusebenzayo kwentsimbiforgingsidla ngokubonakaliswa ngobunzulu bomaleko wokuqina osebenzayo, oko kukuthi, umgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumphezulu olinganisiweyo ukuya kuma-50% (iqhezu lomthamo) we-martensite.Kukwaluncedo ukulinganisa umgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya kubunzima obuchaziweyo. bonisa ubunzulu bomaleko wokuqina osebenzayo.Umzekelo, ubunzulu be-induction ukuqina (DS) kunye nobunzulu bonyango lobushushu bekhemikhali (DC) bulinganiswa nomgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya kubunzima obuchaziweyo.
Ukuhanjiswa kweendawo zoomatshini amandla emva kokucima kunye nokuthobaforgingsngobunzima obahlukeneyo buboniswa kumzobo.Ukuqina okuphezulu kweempawu zayo zoomatshini ecaleni kwecandelo lomnqamlezo kukwabiwa okufanayo, kunye nokucima ukungena kweempawu eziphantsi, eziphantsi zomatshini wentliziyo, ukuqina kuphantsi.Oku kungenxa yokuba emva kokucaphuka.izixhobo zentsimbingokuqina okuphezulu, ulwakhiwo lwazo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi lunomsindo wegranular Soxhlet, ene-bremsstrahlability ephezulu, ngelixa intsimbi enokuqina okuphantsi ine-flaccid ferrite entliziyweni yayo, ene-bremsstrahlability ephantsi.
(ukusuka kwi-duan168.com)