Forging e ka hlophisoa ho latela mekhoa e latelang:

1. Hlophisa ho ea ka ho behoa ha lithulusi tsa forging le hlobo.

2. Classified ka forging theha mocheso.

3. Hlophisa ho ea ka mokhoa o lekanyelitsoeng oa motsamao oa lisebelisoa tsa forging le li-workpieces.

Tokisetso pele ho forging e kenyelletsa khetho ea thepa e tala, lipalo tsa thepa, ho itšeha, ho futhumatsa, ho bala matla a deformation, khetho ea lisebelisoa le moralo oa hlobo. Pele u theha, ho hlokahala hore u khethe mokhoa o motle oa ho luba le lubricant.

Lisebelisoa tsa forging li koahela mefuta e mengata, ho kenyelletsa le limaraka tse fapaneng tsa tšepe le li-alloys tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, hammoho le litšepe tse se nang ferrous tse kang aluminium, magnesium le koporo; Ho na le lithupa le li-profiles tsa boholo bo fapaneng tse sebetsitsoeng hang, hammoho le li-ingots tsa litlhaloso tse fapaneng; Ntle le ho sebelisa haholo thepa e hlahisoang ka har'a naha e loketseng lisebelisoa tsa naha ea rona, ho boetse ho na le lisebelisoa tse tsoang kantle ho naha. Bongata ba thepa ea maiketsetso e se e thathamisitsoe ho litekanyetso tsa naha. Hape ho na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse ncha tse entsoeng, tse lekiloeng, le tse khothalelitsoeng. Joalokaha ho tsebahala, boleng ba lihlahisoa hangata bo amana haufi-ufi le boleng ba lihlahisoa tse tala. Ka hona, basebetsi ba forging ba tlameha ho ba le tsebo e batsi le e tebileng ea lisebelisoa mme ba be le bokhoni ba ho khetha lisebelisoa tse loketseng ho latela litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso.

Palo ea thepa le ho itšeha ke mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea thepa le ho fihlela likheo tse hloekisitsoeng. Lintho tse feteletseng ha li bake litšila feela, empa li boetse li mpefatsa ho apara hlobo le ho sebelisoa ha matla. Haeba ho se na moeli o fokolang o setseng nakong ea ho itšeha, o tla eketsa bothata ba ho lokisa ts'ebetso le ho eketsa sekhahla sa sekhechana. Ho feta moo, boleng ba sefahleho sa ho itšeha bo boetse bo na le tšusumetso ts'ebetsong le boleng ba ho forging.

Sepheo sa ho futhumatsa ke ho fokotsa matla a deformation a forging le ho ntlafatsa polasetiki ea tšepe. Empa ho futhumatsa ho boetse ho tlisa letoto la mathata, joalo ka oxidation, decarburization, overheating, le overburning. Ho laola ka nepo mocheso oa pele le oa ho qetela oa ho forging o na le phello e kholo ho microstructure le thepa ea sehlahisoa. Ho futhumatsa sebōpi sa lelakabe ho na le melemo ea litšenyehelo tse tlaase le ho ikamahanya le maemo ho matla, empa nako ea ho futhumatsa e telele, e atisang ho ba le oxidation le decarburization, 'me maemo a ho sebetsa a boetse a hloka ho ntlafatsoa ka ho tsoelang pele. Ho futhumala ha induction ho na le melemo ea ho futhumatsa ka potlako le oxidation e nyane, empa ho ikamahanya le maemo ho fetoha ha sebopeho sa sehlahisoa, boholo le thepa ha se hantle. Ts'ebeliso ea matla ea ts'ebetso ea ho futhumatsa e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebelisong ea matla a tlhahiso ea forging mme e lokela ho ananeloa ka botlalo.

Forging e hlahisoa tlas'a matla a kantle. Ka hona, palo e nepahetseng ea matla a deformation ke motheo oa ho khetha lisebelisoa le ho etsa bonnete ba hlobo. Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea khatello ea maikutlo kahare ho 'mele o holofetseng ho bohlokoa hape bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ho laola sebopeho sa microstructure le thepa ea forgings. Ho na le mekhoa e mene ea mantlha ea ho sekaseka matla a deformation. Le hoja mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa khatello ea kelello o se thata haholo, o batla o le bonolo ebile o utloahala. E ka bala kakaretso ea khatello le khatello ea maikutlo holim'a sefahleho sa ho kopana pakeng tsa workpiece le sesebelisoa, 'me e ka bona ka intuitively tšusumetso ea karolo ea likarolo le coefficient ea khohlano ea workpiece ho eona; Mokhoa oa slip line o tiile bakeng sa mathata a sefofane mme o fana ka tharollo e hlakileng haholoanyane bakeng sa kabo ea khatello ea maikutlo ho deformation ea lehae ea li-workpieces. Leha ho le joalo, tšebeliso ea eona e patisane ’me e ’nile ea tlalehoa ka seoelo libukeng tsa morao-rao; Mokhoa o ka holimo o ka fana ka meroalo e feteletseng, empa ho ea ka pono ea thuto, ha e thata haholo 'me e ka fana ka boitsebiso bo fokolang haholo ho feta mokhoa o fokolang, kahoo e sa tsoa sebelisoa ka seoelo morao tjena; Mokhoa oa finite element o ke ke oa fana ka meroalo e kantle feela le liphetoho tsa sebopeho sa mosebetsi, empa hape o fana ka kabo ea khatello ea maikutlo ea kahare le ho bolela esale pele mefokolo e ka bang teng, e etsa hore e be mokhoa o sebetsang haholo. Lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, ka lebaka la nako e telele ea ho bala e hlokahalang le tlhokahalo ea ntlafatso litabeng tsa tekheniki tse kang ho rala bocha marang-rang, sebaka sa kopo se ne se lekanyelitsoe ho liunivesithi le litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa saense. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka botumo le ntlafatso e potlakileng ea lik'homphieutha, hammoho le software e ntseng e tsoela pele ea khoebo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lintlha tse fokolang, mokhoa ona o fetohile sesebelisoa sa motheo sa ho hlahloba le ho kopanya.

Ho fokotsa likhohlano ho ke ke ha boloka matla feela, empa hape ho ntlafatsa nako ea bophelo ea hlobo. E 'ngoe ea mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho fokotsa likhohlano ke ho sebelisa lubrication, e thusang ho ntlafatsa microstructure le thepa ea sehlahisoa ka lebaka la ho senyeha ha eona ho tšoanang. Ka lebaka la mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho qhekella le mocheso oa ho sebetsa, lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang le tsona li fapane. Lisebelisoa tsa khalase li sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa ho etsa li-alloys tsa mocheso o phahameng le li-alloys tsa titanium. Bakeng sa ho etsa tšepe e chesang, graphite e thehiloeng metsing ke setlolo se sebelisoang haholo. Bakeng sa ho fereka ho batang, ka lebaka la khatello e phahameng, phekolo ea phosphate kapa oxalate hangata e hlokahala pele ho etsoa.