1. The ferrite
Ferrite ke motsoako o tiileng oa tharollo o entsoeng ke carbon e qhibilihisitsoeng ho -Fe. Hangata e hlalosoa e le kapa F. E boloka sebopeho se seholo sa li-cubic lattice tsa alpha -Fe.Ferrite e na le carbon content e fokolang, 'me thepa ea eona ea mechine e haufi le ea tšepe e hloekileng, polasetiki e phahameng le ho tiea, le matla a tlaase le boima.
2. The austenite
Austenite is A interstitial solid solution ea carbon e qhibilihisitsoeng ho -Fe, hangata e hlalosoang e le kapa A.E boloka sebopeho sa sefahleho sa li-cubic lattice sa gamma-Fe. , matla a tlaase, boima bo tlaase le deformation e bonolo ea polasetiki.

3. Semente
Cementite ke motsoako o entsoeng ka tšepe le carbon, eo motsoako oa eona oa lik'hemik'hale e leng Fe3C. E na le 6.69% ea carbon 'me e na le mohaho o rarahaneng oa kristale.Samente e na le boima bo phahameng haholo, polasetiki e futsanehileng, hoo e batlang e le zero,' me ke karolo e thata le e brittle. Cementite e phetha karolo ea ho matlafatsa carbon steel. Ka lialloi tsa tšepe-carbon, ha carbon content e phahame, ha samente e ntse e eketseha, ho thatafala ho phahameng le ho theola polasetiki ea tšepe. metsoako.
4. Pearlite
Pearlite ke motsoako oa mochini oa ferrite le cementite, hangata o hlalosoang ke P. Ka karolelano carbon content ea pearlite ke 0.77%, 'me thepa ea eona ea mechine e pakeng tsa ferrite le cementite, e nang le matla a phahameng, boima bo itekanetseng le polasetiki e itseng. samente e ka ajoa ka mokhoa oa granular holim'a matrix a ferrite. Mofuta ona oa sebopeho o bitsoa spherical pearlite, mme ts'ebetso ea eona e felletseng e betere.
5. Ledeburite
Leutenite ke motsoako oa mechine oa austenite le cementite, hangata o hlalosoang e le Ld. Ka karolelano carbon content ea Leutenite e ne e le 4.3%. le cementite, e bitsoang leutenite ka mocheso o tlase, e hlalosoang ke Ld '.The microstructure ea Leutenite e thehiloe holim'a cementite, kahoo thepa ea eona ea mechine e thata ebile e brittle.