Waa lagama maarmaan in la sameeyo daaweynta kulaylka ka dibbeen abuurashosababtoo ah ujeeddadeedu waa in la tirtiro walbahaarka gudaha ka dib markii la been abuurtay. Hagaajin qallafsanaanta been-abuurka ah, hagaajinta waxqabadka goynta; Miraha qallafsan ee geeddi-socodka been-abuurka waa la safeeyey oo lebbis si loogu diyaariyo qaab-dhismeed yar oo qaybo ah oo loogu talagalay daaweynta kulaylka.

1. Heerkulka sare ee kululaynta: yarayso adkaanta, yarayso ama baabi'iso culayska ka dhasha qaboojinta caadiga ah, wanaaji balaastiga iyo adkaanta. Ku haboon birta daawaha leh ee adag ka dib markii caadiga ah.

2. Annealing dhameystiran: baabi'inta qaab-dhismeedka qalafsanaan iyo sinnaan la'aan ay sababto geeddi-socodka been-abuurka ah, sifeeyo hadhuudhka, baabi'iyo walbahaarka hadhaaga ah ee been-abuurka ah, la yareeyo adkaanta, hagaajinta machinability ah, iyo diyaarin ururka daaweynta kulaylka mustaqbalka ee qaybaha. Annealing buuxa ayaa guud ahaan ku habboon birta hypoeutectoid.

3. Annealing Isothermal: hel qaab-dhismeed isku mid ah oo ka badan ka saarista dhammaystiran, si wax ku ool ah u baabi'inta been-abuurka, hoos u dhig adkaanta. Foornooyinka waaweyn ee muhiimka ah, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagu faafiyo hydrogen lagana hortago soo saarista dhibco cadcad. Marka la barbardhigo nuugista dhammaystiran, waxay soo gaabin kartaa wakhtiga wax-soo-saarka waxayna hagaajin kartaa waxtarka wax-soo-saarka.

4. Caadiyan: pearlite finner ayaa la heli karaa si loo nadiifiyo ururka; Wanaajibeen abuurashoxoogga iyo adkaanta, yaraynta walbahaarka gudaha, hagaajinta waxqabadka goynta; Loogu talagalay birta eutectoids. Carbides mesh waa la tirtiri karaa.

5 spheroidization annealing: si aad u hesho cementite spherical iyo qaab dhismeedka ferrite, ma aha oo kaliya in la yareeyo engegnaanta, iyo in habka goynta waa u fududahay in la helo dusha processing siman, in deminta xiga ma fududa in la soo saaro dildilaaca deformation. Spheroidizing annealing waxay ku habboon tahay birta kaarboonka sare iyo daawaha sare ee kaarboon dhinta birta.