Daaweynta kuleylkacafinwaa xiriir muhiim ah oo ku saabsan waxsoosaarka mashiinnada. Tayada daaweynta kuleylka ayaa si toos ah ula xidhiidha tayada iyo waxqabadka alaabada ama qaybaha. Waxaa jira arrimo badan oo saamaynaya tayada daaweynta kuleylka wax soo saarka. Si loo hubiyo in tayadacafinWuxuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha heerarka qaranka ama warshadaha, dhammaan dembiyada daaweynta kuleylka ayaa ka bilaabmaya alaabta ceeriin warshadda, iyo kormeerka adag waa in la fuliyaa ka dib geedi socodka daaweynta kuleylka ee kasta. Dhibaatooyinka tayada wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka looma wareejin karo nidaamka soo socda, si loo hubiyo tayada wax soo saarka. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, wax soo saarka daaweynta kuleylka, kuma filna kormeeraha karti u leh inuu sameeyo kormeer tayo leh oo laga hubiyocafinDaaweynta kuleylka ka dib marka loo eego shuruudaha farsamada. Hawsha ugu muhiimsan waa in la taliye wanaagsan yahay. Geedi socodka daaweynta kuleylka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la arko bal in hawl wadeenka uu si adag u fulinayo qawaaniinta hanaanka iyo hadii cabbirrada geedi socodka ay sax yihiin. Inta lagu gudajiro kormeerka tayada Haddii dhibaatooyinka tayada la helo inay ka caawiyaan hawl wadeenka inuu falanqeeyo sababaha dhibaatooyinka tayada, u ogow xalka dhibaatada. Dhammaan noocyada sababaha laga yaabo inay saameyn ku yeelan karaan tayada daaweynta kuleylka ayaa la xakameeyaa si loo hubiyo soosaarka alaabada aqoonta leh ee leh tayo tayo wanaagsan leh, waxqabadka la isku halleyn karo iyo qancinta macaamiisha.

Waxa ku jira kormeerka tayada daaweynta daaweynta kuleylka

(1) Daaweynta kuleylka pre-kuleylka ee la dhaafo

Ujeedada daaweynta preheat ee dembiga ayaa ah in la wanaajiyo microntant iyo jilicsanaanta waxyaabaha ceyriinka ah, si loo fududeeyo ka baaraandegista farsamada, ka takhalusida walwalka oo hel micro boosaha ugu habboon ee daaweynta kuleylka. Daaweynta kuleylka kahor ee qaybaha waaweyn qaarkood ayaa sidoo kale ah daaweynta ugu dambeysa ee kuleylka, daaweynta kuleylka kahor ayaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa caadiyan oo la qarinaayo.

1) Kala-goynta xarigga tuugada birta waa fududahay in coarsene maxaa yeelay hadhuudhka lagu kululeeyo heerkulka sare muddo dheer. Ka dib markii la dumiyo, dhameystiran dhaarta ama caadi ahaan waa in mar labaad la fuliyaa si loo nadiifiyo hadhuudhka.

2) Dhameystirka samaynta birta qaab-dhismeedka ah ayaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu wanaajiyo microntan-ka, nadiifi hadhuudhka, yareynta adversion iyo walxaha carbon bir ah, qaybaha alxanka, digaagga kulul iyo kulul.

3) Dhar-hoosaadka dunida loo yaqaan 'aaladda' aaladda 'potoy' bir qaab dhismeedka loo isticmaalo

4) Speredoizizizing and and griction aaladda birta aaladda ujeedada ah in la qariyo waa in la wanaajiyo waxqabadka goynta iyo waxqabadka ciribtirka qabow.

5) Cadaadiska walaaca ee loo qariyo ujeedada walaaca fekerka ee loo yaqaan 'Chopens' Curnicerening Crealtring 'waa in meesha laga saaro walaaca fekerka gudaha ee xayeysiinta birta, qaybaha labada qaybood iyo qaybo yar yar, oo yareynaya ciribtirka iyo burburka hawsha ka dib.

6) Dib-u-habeynta ujeedada dib-u-eegida dib-u-soo-nooleynta waa in meesha laga saaro adkaysi qabow ee shaqada.

7) Caadi ahaan ujeedada caadiga ah waa in la wanaajiyo qaab-dhismeedka loona nadiifiyo hadhuudhka, kaas oo loo isticmaali karo sida daaweynta kuleylka kahor ama daaweynta kuleylka ugu dambeysa.

Qaab dhismeedka lagu helo iyo garashada ayaa ah pearlite. Kormeerka tayada leh, ayaa diirada la saarayaa in la sameeyo kormeerka cabbirrada nidaamka, taasi waa, in si caadi ah loo soo diro, taas oo ah kan ugu horreeya, dhamaadka hawsha inta badan tijaabinta si adag. , qaab dhismeedka metarograph, oo ah qoto dheer oo loo yaqaan 'dartood', oo ay si qoto dheer u taabtaan waxyaabo caadi ah, xargaha, mesh carbide iyo wixii la mid ah.

(2) xukunka xukunka iyo ganaaxyada caadiga ah

1) Adkeyntii qaddarka gawaarida dhexdhexaadka ah ayaa aad u sarreeya, oo inta badan keena heerkulka kuleylka sareeya iyo heerka qaboojinta si dhakhso leh udhaca. Birta kaarboon aad u sareeya ayaa badanaa ah heerkulka isothothermacal waa mid hooseeya, waqtiga hayntana kuma filna sidaas darteedna. Haddii dhibaatooyinka kor ku xusan ay dhacaan, adkaanta waxaa lagu yarayn karaa dib-u-habeyn iyadoo loo eegayo cabirrada nidaamka saxda ah.

2) Ururka noocan ahi wuxuu ka muuqdaa hoosaadka iyo sypereutecoid steel bir ah, shabakad bir ah oo bir ah, oo ah heerkulka kuleylka ee loo yaqaan 'cverpeast', ayaa ah in heerka qaboojinta ay aad u gaabis tahay, loo isticmaali karo baabi'inta caadiga ah. Kormeer sida ku xusan heerka loo cayimay.

3) Qeex-darradaada markii lagu dumiyo ama caadi ka dhigto, foornada hawada, shaqada-xidhka oo aan lahayn kuleylka gaaska, sababtuna tahay kuleylka dusha sare ee birta iyo dardar-gelinta.

4) Jaangooyooyinka kaarboon-hanarka kaarboon-hayaha ah waxaa soo saaray goynta carbiska, oo inta badan waxaa sababa heerkulka kuleylka sare iyo waqti aad u dheer. Ka dib muuqaalka kaarboon ee digsiyada ah ee birta, waxaa loo heli doonaa in adkaanta jilicsan, xoog yar, jahwareer, jajabin ah, oo ay xirnaan karaan oo keliya marka cataloon kaarboon ka muuqato.

(3) Daaweynta kuleylka ugu dambeysa

Baadhitaanka tayada ee kululaynta ugu dambeysa ee lagu daaweeyo dembiga ee wax soo saarka badanaa waxaa ka mid ah demaamin, dusha sare iyo xanaaq.

1) cillad. Dhacdooyinka jilicsan waa in la hubiyaa iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha, sida ciribtirka uu ka sarreeyo qodobbada, sida sababtoo ah sababtuna lama hagaajin karo kaalmada, waa la hagaajin karaa, habka waa in la joojiyo. temper the workpiece in the soft state straightening to meet the requirements again, the general workpiece after quenching and tempering deformation, not more than 2/3 to 1/2 allowance.

2) dillaac. Cill dildilaaca looma oggola dusha sare ee shaqo kasta, sidaa darteed xubnaha kuleylka kuleylka waa in 100% la baaro. Aagagga feejignaanta walbahaarka, geesaha fiiqan, marinnada furaha, godadka derbiga khafiifka ah, isgoysyada qaro-qaro weyn, propusitions, propusions iyo ilko, iwm, waa in la adkeeyaa.

3) Kuleyl iyo kuleyl. Ka dib markii la demiyey ka dib, shaqada shaqadu looma oggola inay yeeshaan unugyo hufan oo gacabka ah iyo xuduuda xadka ee galka ah, maxaa yeelay isku-darka kuleylka ayaa sababi doonta yareynta xoogga, geesinimada badan iyo dildilaaca fudud.

4) oksidation iyo dabcica Ka baaraandegida gunnada shaqada yar, si loo xakameeyo qalab adag, oo aan loo oggolayn inay yeeshaan ifafaale-ka-saaridda iyo xudunta, heerkulka kuleylka, waa in ay ahaataa waqti aad u dheer ama waqti aad u dheer. , marka waa inay ahaataa waqti isku mid ah kormeerka kuleylka kuleylka.

5) dhibco jilicsan. Barta jilicsan waxay sababi doontaa dhaawac shaqo iyo daal oo daal ah, sidaa darteed ma jiro dhibic jilicsan, saadaasha sababaha kululaynta ee aan habooneyn ee kululaynta iyo lakabka aan habooneyn ee abbaaraha ceeriin, jiritaanka lakabka loo yaqaan 'profiled', iyo sidaas oo kale, dhibic jilicsan. waa in la hagaajiyaa waqtiga.

6) Si aan caadi ahayn. Badanaa heerkulka kuleylka ah ee ka daadanaya kuleylka kuleylka ayaa aad u sarreeya, haradka haradka badan wuxuu u horseedi doonaa yareynta adag, heerkulka kuleylka hooseeya ama xawaaraha qaboojinta oo aan habooneyn kuma filna, hawlgal aan habooneyn ayaa ku dambayn doonta adkaan aan ku filnayn. Xaaladda kor ku xusan ayaa la hagaajin karaa oo keliya.

7) foornada cusbada. Soo noqnoqoshada sare iyo dhexdhexaadka ah iyo isugeynta iyo ololka shaqada ka daadanaya, oo aan lahayn ifafaale gubasho ah.

Ka dib daaweynta ugu dambeysa ee daaweynta qaybaha dusha sare ma yeelan doonaan, ku garaac, burburin, burburin iyo cilado kale.