Forging inogona kugoverwa maererano nenzira dzinotevera:

1. Rongedza maererano nekuiswa kwezvishandiso zvekufogisa uye mold.

2. Classified by forging kugadzira tembiricha.

3. Rongedza zvinoenderana nehukama hwekufamba modhi yefogi maturusi uye workpieces.

Kugadzirira kusati kwagadzira kunosanganisira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, kuverenga kwezvinhu, kucheka, kupisa, kuverenga kwesimba rekushandura, kusarudzwa kwemidziyo, uye dhizaini yekuumbwa. Usati wagadzira, zvakakosha kuti usarudze nzira yakanaka yekuzora uye lubricant.

Zvishandiso zvekugadzira zvinofukidza zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira magiredhi akasiyana-siyana esimbi uye alloys akakwira-tembiricha, pamwe chete nesimbi dzisina-ferrous dzakadai sealuminium, magnesium, uye mhangura; Kune ese ari maviri tsvimbo uye maprofiles ehukuru hwakasiyana hwakagadziriswa kamwechete, pamwe chete neinoti yeakasiyana zvirevo; Pamusoro pekushandisa zvakanyanya zvinhu zvinogadzirwa mudzimba zvakakodzera zviwanikwa zvenyika yedu, kune zvakare zvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika. Zvizhinji zvezvakagadzirwa zvakatonyorwa mumitemo yenyika. Kune zvakare zvakawanda zvitsva zvakagadziridzwa, zvakaedzwa, uye nekusimudzirwa. Sezvinozivikanwa, kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvinowanzoenderana nemhando yezvigadzirwa. Naizvozvo, vashandi vekugadzira vanofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakadzama uye rwakadzama rwezvishandiso uye kuve vakanaka pakusarudza zvinhu zvakanyanyokodzera zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemaitiro.

Kuverenga kwezvinhu uye kucheka matanho akakosha mukuvandudza mashandisirwo emidziyo uye kuwana zvakanatswa. Zvinhu zvakawandisa hazvingokonzeri tsvina, asiwo zvinowedzera kupfeka mold uye kushandiswa kwesimba. Kana pasina chikamu chiduku chakasara panguva yekucheka, chichawedzera kuoma kwekugadzirisa nzira uye kuwedzera chiyero chezvimedu. Mukuwedzera, iyo yemhando yekucheka kwekupedzisira kumeso inewo mhedzisiro pamaitiro uye yekugadzira mhando.

Chinangwa chekudziya ndechekudzikisa kuforoma deformation simba uye kugadzirisa simbi yepurasitiki. Asi kudziyisa kunounzawo akatevedzana matambudziko, akadai oxidation, decarburization, overheating, uye overburning. Kunyatso kudzora tembiricha yekutanga uye yekupedzisira yekugadzira ine mhedzisiro yakakosha pane microstructure uye zvivakwa zvechigadzirwa. Kupisa kwevira remoto kune zvakanakira mutengo wakaderera uye kuchinjika kwakasimba, asi nguva yekudziya yakareba, iyo inowanzoitika kune oxidation uye decarburization, uye mamiriro ekushanda anodawo kuramba achivandudzwa. Induction heat ine mabhenefiti ekukurumidza kupisa uye kushoma oxidation, asi kuchinjika kwayo kune shanduko muchimiro chechigadzirwa, saizi, uye zvinhu hazvina kunaka. Iko kushandiswa kwesimba kwekudziya maitiro kunotora basa rakakosha mukushandiswa kwesimba rekugadzira kugadzira uye kunofanirwa kukosheswa zvizere.

Forging inogadzirwa pasi pesimba rekunze. Naizvozvo, iyo chaiyo kuverenga kwe deformation simba ndiyo hwaro hwekusarudza michina uye kuita mold verification. Kuitisa kushushikana-kunetsekana kuongororwa mukati memuviri wakaremara kwakakoshawo pakugadzirisa maitiro uye kudzora iyo microstructure uye zvimiro zvefogi. Pane nzira ina huru dzekuongorora deformation simba. Kunyangwe iyo yekutanga yekusimbisa nzira isiri yakanyanya kuomarara, iri nyore uye intuitive. Inogona kuverenga iyo yakazara kudzvinyirirwa uye kudzvinyirira kugovera pane yekubata kumeso pakati peiyo workpiece nechishandiso, uye inogona kuona intuitively pesvedzero yeaspect ratio uye friction coefficient yeworkpiece pairi; Iyo yekutsvedza mutsetse nzira yakaomesesa kumatambudziko ekunetsa kwendege uye inopa yakawedzera intuitive mhinduro yekunetsekana kwekuparadzira mudeformation yenzvimbo yebasa. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwayo kwakamanikana uye hakusati kwambotaurwa mumabhuku achangopfuura; Iyo yekumusoro yakasungirirwa nzira inogona kupa yakawandisa mitoro, asi kubva pakuona kwedzidzo, haina kuomarara uye inogona kupa ruzivo rushoma pane inogumira chinhu nzira, saka haisati yave kushandiswa nguva pfupi yadarika; Iyo inogumira chinhu nzira haingogone kupa mitoro yekunze uye shanduko muchimiro cheiyo workpiece, asi zvakare inopa mukati kushushikana-kunetsekana kugovera uye kufanotaura zvikanganiso zvinogona kuitika, zvichiita kuti ive yakanyanya kushanda nzira. Mumakore mashoma apfuura, nekuda kwenguva yakareba yemakomputa inodiwa uye kudiwa kwekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvehunyanzvi senge grid redrawing, chiyero chekushandisa chaive chakaganhurirwa kumayunivhesiti uye nesainzi masangano ekutsvagisa. Mumakore achangopfuura, nemukurumbira uye kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwemakomputa, pamwe neiyo inowedzera yakaomesesa yekushambadzira software yeinogumira chekuongorora chinhu, nzira iyi yave yakakosha yekuongorora uye computational chishandiso.

Kuderedza kukakavara hakugone kuchengetedza simba chete, asiwo kunatsiridza hupenyu hwema molds. Imwe yematanho akakosha ekudzikisa kukakavara ndeye kushandisa lubrication, iyo inobatsira kuvandudza iyo microstructure uye zvivakwa zvechigadzirwa nekuda kweiyo yunifomu deformation. Nekuda kwemaitiro akasiyana ekuumba uye tembiricha yekushanda, mafuta ekuzora anoshandiswa akasiyana. Magirazi ekuzora anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira alloys epamusoro-tembiricha uye titanium alloys. Pakugadzira kupisa kwesimbi, mvura-based graphite imafuta anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwekutonhora, nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, phosphate kana oxalate kurapwa inowanzodiwa usati wagadzira.