In largeforging, kana hutano hwezvinhu zvakasvibirira husina kunaka kana nzira yekugadzira isiri panguva yakakodzera, kuumba kuputika kunowanzova nyore kuitika.
Izvi zvinotevera zvinosuma zviitiko zvakati kuti zvekufogisa crack zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvisina kunaka.
(1)Forgingkutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kweingot

Mazhinji ekuremara ingot anogona kukonzera kutsemuka panguva yekugadzira, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo, inova iyo yepakati pekutsemuka kwe2Cr13 spindle forging.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti tembiricha yekristaro idiki uye mutsara shrinkage coefficient yakakura kana iyo 6T ingot inoomesa.
Nekuda kwekusakwana kwe condensation uye shrinkage, hombe tembiricha musiyano pakati nekunze, hombe axial tensile kusagadzikana, iyo dendrite yakatsemuka, ichigadzira inter-axial mutswe muingot, iyo yakawedzera kuwedzerwa panguva yekugadzira kuti ive mutswe mukati meiyo spindle forging.

Chirema chinogona kupedzwa ne:
(1)Kunatsiridza kuchena kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa yekunyungudutsa;
(2) Ingot kutonhora zvishoma nezvishoma, kuderedza kupisa kunetseka;
(3) Shandisa yakanaka yekudziya mumiriri uye chivharo chekuvhara, wedzera kugona kwekuzadza shrinkage;
(4)Shandisa yepakati compaction forging process.

(2)Forgingkutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekunaya kwetsvina inokuvadza musimbi pamwe nemiganhu yezviyo.

Iyo sarufa musimbi inowanzo donha pamuganhu wezviyo nenzira yeFeS, iyo inonyungudika inongova 982 ℃. Pakupisa kwekushisa kwe1200 ℃, THE FeS pamuganhu wezviyo ichanyunguduka uye yakakomberedza zviyo nenzira yefirimu yemvura, iyo ichaparadza chisungo pakati pezviyo uye kuburitsa fragility inopisa, uye kuputika kuchaitika mushure mekugadzira zvishoma.

Kana mhangura iri musimbi ichipiswa mumhepo yeperoxidation pa1100 ~ 1200 ℃, nekuda kwekusarudza oxidation, nzvimbo dzakapfuma mhangura dzichaumba pamusoro pedenga. Kana iyo solubility yemhangura mu austenite inopfuura iyo yemhangura, mhangura inogoverwa muchimiro chemvura firimu pamuganhu wezviyo, ichiita brittleness yemhangura uye isingakwanisi kuumbwa.
Kana pane tin uye antimony musimbi, kunyungudika kwemhangura mu austenite kuchaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye maitiro e embrittlement achawedzerwa.
Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira mhangura yemukati, pamusoro pesimbi forgings inosarudzika oxidized panguva yekugadzira kupisa, kuitira kuti mhangura iwedzere kutevedza muganho wezviyo, uye kuputika kwekupwanya kunoumbwa nekuita nucleating uye kuwedzera pamwe nemhangura-yakapfuma chikamu chemuganho wezviyo.

(3)Kugadzira crackzvinokonzerwa nehterogeneous phase (yechipiri chikamu)

Iyo michina yechikamu chechipiri musimbi inowanzosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune iyo yesimbi matrix, saka iyo yakawedzera kushushikana ichaita kuti iyo yose process plasticity ideredze kana deformation ichiyerera. Kamwe kushushikana kwenzvimbo kunodarika simba rinosunga pakati pechikamu chakasiyana uye matrix, kupatsanurwa kuchaitika uye maburi achaumbwa.
Somuenzaniso, oxides, nitrides, carbides, borides, sulfides, silicates uye zvichingodaro musimbi.
Ngatiti zvikamu izvi zvakakora.
Kugoverwa kweketani, kunyanya pamuganhu wezviyo uko kune simba risina simba rekusunga riripo, kupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro kuchatsemuka.
Iyo macroscopic morphology yekugadzira kuputika kunokonzerwa nekunaya kwakanaka kweAlN pamwe nemuganhu wezviyo we20SiMn simbi 87t ingots yakagadziriswa uye inoratidzwa se polyhedral columnar crystals.
Ongororo yemicroscopic inoratidza kuti kutsemuka kwekugadzira kune hukama nehuwandu hukuru hwezviyo zvakatsetseka AlN kunaya pamwe nemuganhu wezviyo wekutanga.

The countermeasures kutikudzivirira kuforoma kutsemukakunokonzerwa nekunaya kwealuminium nitride pamwe nekristaro ndeaya anotevera:
1. Deredza huwandu hwealuminium yakawedzerwa kusimbi, bvisa nitrogen kubva musimbi kana kudzivisa AlN kunaya nekuwedzera titanium;
2. Adopt inopisa kuendesa ingot uye supercooled chikamu shanduko yekurapa maitiro;
3. Wedzera kupisa kwekudya kwekushisa (> 900 ℃) uye zvakananga kupisa kwekugadzira;
4. Asati forging, zvakakwana homogenization annealing inoitwa kuti zviyo muganhu mvura kunaya chikamu diffusion.