Forgingsmushure mekudzima, martensite uye yakachengetwa austenite haina kugadzikana, vane sangano rinongoerekana rava shanduko kune kugadzikana, senge supersaturated kabhoni mumartensite kukonzeresa yakasara austenite kuora kuitira kusimudzira shanduko, senge yekushatisa isangano risiri rekuenzanisa. kuenzanisa maitiro esangano, kuita uku kunoenderana nekutama kweatomu uye kupararira kwemvumo iyi pamwe chete nekupedza kwako tembiricha yemoto yakakwira, kukurumidza kupararira kwevelocity; Asi, nekuwedzera kwekupisa kwekupisa, iyo inodzima chimiro chefogi. kuita shanduko dzakatevedzana. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro eiyo microstructure shanduko, kupisa kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita nhanho ina: martensite decomposition, residual austenite decomposition, carbide accumulation kukura uye ferrite recrystallization.
Danho rekutanga (200)
(1) forgingtempering martensite inoora pasi pe80 tembiricha yekushisa, inodzima simbi isina Ming S sangano shanduko, kuitika kwekabhoni mumartensite chete chikamu, uye hapana anotanga kuputsa mukati 80-200 tempering, martensite inotanga kuora, kudonhedza yakavanzika carbides, kuderedza chikamu chikuru chemartensite mune kabhoni forgings mune ino nhanho, nekuda kwekudzika kwakadzikama tembiricha, martensitic mvura inongori chikamu che supersaturated kabhoni maatomu, saka ichiri kabhoni mune - Fe supersaturated solid solutionKunaya kwecarbide yakanaka kwazvo inopararira mune matrix. ye martensite. Iyo yakasanganiswa chimiro cheyakadzika saturation Martensite uye yakanyanya kunaka carbide inonzi tempered Martensite.

(2)forgingkupisa muchikamu chechipiri (200-300), iyo yakasara austenite kuora apo tembiricha yakakwira kusvika 200-300, kuora kwemartensite kwakaenderera mberi, asi shanduko huru ndeyekusara kweaustenite kuora kwekuparara kweaustenite kwasara kuburikidza nekuwedzera kweatomu kabhoni. kuumba chidimbu chenzvimbo, uyezve yakaora kuita alpha chikamu uye musanganiswa we carbide sangano, kureva kuumbwa kwe bainite simbi kuomarara hakusi pachena kuderera panguva ino.
(3)Danho rechitatu (250-400) carbide shanduko yefoging tempering iri mune iyi tembiricha renji. Nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, Carbon atomu yekuparadzira kugona kwakasimba, kugona kwekuparadzira kudzoreredza maatomu esimbi zvakare, martensite inoodza shanduko yemvura inonaya carbides uye yakasara austenite kuora inoshandurwa kuita simende yakagadzikana nekuparadzaniswa uye shanduko yecarbides, kudzikira. yemartensite mune kabhoni misa chikamu, martensite lattice kukanganisa inonyangarika, martensitic shanduko yeferrite, kuwana ferritic matrix kugoverwa mukati meiyo diki granular kana lamellar cementite yesangano, iyo sangano inonzi tempering yakabvisa ichi chikamu austenite quenching kushushikana, kuomarara, kuoma kwepurasitiki kwakagadziridzwa.

(4)Nhanho yechina yekugadzira tempering (& GT;400) yakakura carbide yakaunganidzwa uye recrystallization yeferrite nekuda kwekudziya tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, kabhoni nemaatomu esimbi ane simba rakasimba rekuwanda, chikamu chechitatu kuumbwa kwecementite flakes kucharamba kuchiputika uye kukura. kumusoro mune zvinopfuura 500-600, alpha recrystallization inoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, inorasikirwa neferrite morphology yepakutanga ndiro tambo kana shizha, uye kugadzira polygon kugovera zviyo pasangano se ferritic matrix granular carbides, boka rainzi tempering sorbite tempered sorbite ine yakanaka comprehensive mechanical. zvimiro zvechikamu uye lattice kukanganisa kunobvisa kushushikana kwemukati.

(kubva pa168 yekuumba mambure)