Forgingsmushure mekudzima, martensite uye yakachengetwa austenite haina kugadzikana, vane sangano rinongoerekana rava shanduko kune kugadzikana, senge supersaturated kabhoni mumartensite kukonzeresa yakasara austenite kuora kuitira kusimudzira shanduko, senge yekushatisa isangano risiri rekuenzanisa. kuenzanisa maitiro esangano, kuita uku kunoenderana nekutama kweatomu uye kupararira kwemvumo iyi pamwe chete neyako. akapedza tembiricha yemoto yakakwira, iyo inokurumidza kupararira velocity; Kusiyana neizvi, nekuwedzera kwekudziya tembiricha, iyo yekudzima dhizaini yefogi ichaita shanduko dzakateedzana. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro eiyo microstructure shanduko, kupisa kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita nhanho ina: martensite decomposition, residual austenite decomposition, carbide accumulation kukura uye ferrite recrystallization.
Danho rekutanga (200)
(1) forgingtempering martensite inoora pasi pe80 tembiricha yekushisa, inodzima simbi isina Ming S sangano shanduko, kuitika kwekabhoni mumartensite chete chikamu, uye hapana anotanga kuputsa mukati 80-200 tempering, martensite inotanga kuora, kudonhedza yakavanzika carbides, kuderedza chikamu chikuru chemartensite mune kabhoni forgings mune ino nhanho, nekuda kwekudzika kwakadzika tembiricha, martensitic kunaya chikamu chikamu chete. ye supersaturated kabhoni maatomu, saka ichiri kabhoni mune - Fe supersaturated solid solutionKunaya kwecarbide yakanaka kwazvo inogovera zvakafanana mumatrix emartensite. Iyo yakasanganiswa chimiro cheiyo yakaderera saturation Martensite uye yakanyanya kunaka carbide inonzi tempered Martensite.

(2)forgingkupisa muchikamu chechipiri (200-300), iyo yakasara austenite kuora apo tembiricha yakakwira kusvika 200-300, kuora kwemartensite kwakaenderera mberi, asi shanduko huru ndeyekusara kweaustenite kuora kwekuparara kweaustenite kwasara kuburikidza nekuwedzera kweatomu kabhoni. kuumba nharaunda, yobva yaora kuita alpha phase uye musanganiswa we carbide organisation, kureva kuumbwa kwe bainite simbi kuoma hakusi pachena kuderera panguva ino
(3)Danho rechitatu (250-400) carbide shanduko yefoging tempering iri mune iyi tembiricha renji. Nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, Carbon atomu yekuparadzira kugona kwakasimba, kugona kwekuparadzira kudzoreredza maatomu esimbi zvakare, martensite inoodza shanduko yemvura inonaya carbides uye yakasara austenite kuora inoshandurwa kuita simende yakagadzikana nekuparadzaniswa uye shanduko yecarbides, kudzikira. yemartensite mune kabhoni misa chikamu, martensite lattice distortion inonyangarika, martensitic shanduko ye ferrite, tora ferritic matrix kugovera mukati mediki granular kana lamellar simenti yesangano, sangano rakanzi tempering rakabvisa ichi chikamu austenite quenching kushushikana, kuoma, kusimba kwepurasitiki kwakavandudzwa.

(4)Nhanho yechina yekugadzira tempering (& GT;400) yakakura carbide yakaunganidzwa uye recrystallization yeferrite nekuda kwekudziya tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, kabhoni nemaatomu esimbi ane simba rakasimba rekuwanda, chikamu chechitatu kuumbwa kwecementite flakes kucharamba kuchiputika uye kukura. kumusoro mune anopfuura mazana mashanu-500-600, alpha recrystallization inoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, inorasikirwa neferrite morphology yepakutanga plate strip kana sheet, uye fomu. polygon kugoverwa kwezviyo pasangano se ferritic matrix granular carbides, boka rainzi tempering sorbite tempered sorbite ine yakanaka yakazara ma mechanical echikamu uye lattice kukanganisa kunobvisa kushushikana kwemukati.

(kubva pa168 yekuumba mambure)