1. The ferrite
Ferrite ndeye interstitial yakasimba mhinduro inoumbwa nekabhoni yakanyungudika mu -Fe. Inowanzo kuratidzwa se kana F.Inochengetedza iyo yakawanda-centered cubic lattice structure ye alpha -Fe.Ferrite ine low carbon content, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi ari pedyo neaya esimbi yakachena, plastiki yakakwirira uye kuoma, uye kuderera kwesimba uye kuoma.
2. The austenite
Austenite is A interstitial solid solution ye carbon yakanyungudutswa mu -Fe, inowanzoratidzwa se kana A.Inochengetedza chiso-centered cubic lattice structure ye gamma-Fe.Austenite ine yakakwirira carbon solubility kupfuura ferrite, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi anoratidzwa nepurasitiki yakanaka. , simba rakaderera, kuoma kwakaderera uye nyore kushanduka kwepurasitiki.

3. Simende
Cementite inhengo yakaumbwa nesimbi uye kabhoni, iyo kemikari yemakemikari inonzi Fe3C.Iyo ine 6.69% kabhoni uye ine yakaoma crystal structure.Simentite ine yakanyanya kuoma, yakashata plastiki, inenge zero, uye yakaoma uye inoputika chikamu. Cementite inobata basa rekusimbisa mu carbon steel.Mu iron-carbon alloys, iyo yakakwirira carbon content, iyo yakawanda simenti, iyo yakakwirira kuoma uye kuderera kwepurasitiki yealloys.
4. Pearlite
Pearlite is a mechanical musanganiswa weferrite uye cementite, kazhinji inoratidzwa neP. Ivhareji yekabhoni yepearlite ndeye 0.77%, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi ari pakati pe ferrite ne cementite, ane simba guru, kuoma kwepakati uye mamwe mapurasitiki. simenti inogona kugoverwa mune granular fomu pane ferrite matrix. Rudzi urwu rwechimiro runodaidzwa kuti spherical pearlite, uye kuita kwayo kwakazara kuri nani.
5. Ledeburite
Leutenite is a mechanical musanganiswa we austenite uye cementite, kazhinji inoratidzwa seLd. Ivhareji yekabhoni yeLeutenite yaiva 4.3%.Kana yakanyoroveswa kusvika ku727 ℃, iyo austenite mu leustenite ichashandurwa kuva pearlite.Saka pasi pe727 ℃, leutenite inosanganisira pearlite uye cementite, inonzi leutenite pakupisa kwakadzika, inoratidzwa naLd '.Microstructure yeLeutenite inobva pane cementite, saka maitiro ayo emagetsi akaoma uye akaoma.