Kupanga kwaulerechitsulo ali zotsatirazi zofunika katundu atatu pansi quenching chikhalidwe.
(1) Makhalidwe a kamangidwe
Malingana ndi kukula kwachitsulo, kutentha kwa kutentha, nthawi, mawonekedwe a kusintha ndi kuzizira, chitsulo chozimitsidwa chiyenera kukhala ndi martensite kapena martensite + otsalira austenite, kuwonjezera apo, pangakhale carbide yosasunthika pang'ono. Onse martensite ndi residual austenite ali mu metastable m'malo kutentha firiji, ndipo amakonda kusintha kukhazikika ferric mass kuphatikiza simenti.
(2) Makhalidwe ouma mtima
Kusokonekera kwa lattice chifukwa cha maatomu a kaboni kumawululidwa ndi kuuma, komwe kumawonjezeka ndi supersaturation, kapena kaboni. Kuzimitsa dongosolo kuuma, mkulu mphamvu, plasticity, otsika kulimba.
(3) Makhalidwe opanikizika
Kuphatikizirapo kupsinjika kwapang'ono ndi kupsinjika kwa macro, zoyambazo zimagwirizana ndi kupotoza kwa lattice komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi maatomu a kaboni, makamaka okhala ndi carbon martensite kuti afikire mtengo waukulu kwambiri, kusanthula kwa quenching martensite mu mkhalidwe wopsinjika; Chotsatiracho ndi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kutentha komwe kumapanga pamtanda pamene kuzimitsa, workpiece pamwamba kapena pakati pa chikhalidwe cha nkhawa ndi chosiyana, pali kupsinjika maganizo kapena kupsinjika maganizo, mu workpiece kusunga bwino. Ngati kupsinjika kwamkati kwa zida zolimba zachitsulo sikuchotsedwa munthawi yake, kumayambitsa kupindika kwina komanso kusweka kwa magawo.
Kufotokozera mwachidule, ngakhale workpiece kuzimitsidwa ali mkulu kuuma ndi mkulu mphamvu, koma bondo ndi lalikulu, kapangidwe ndi wosakhazikika, ndipo pali lalikulu kuzimitsidwa kupsyinjika mkati, choncho ayenera kupsa mtima ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, kutenthetsa ndi njira yotsatirira kuzimitsa zitsulo, ndiyonso njira yomaliza yoperekera matenthedwe, imapereka chogwirira ntchito pambuyo poti kufunikira kwa ntchitoyo.
Kutentha ndi njira yotenthetsera zitsulo zolimba mpaka kutentha kwina pansi pa Ac1, kuzisunga kwakanthawi, kenako kuziziziritsa mpaka kutentha. Zolinga zake zofunika ndi:
(1) moyenerera kusintha kuuma ndi mphamvu ya chitsulo, kusintha kulimba kwa chitsulo, kuti workpiece akwaniritsa zofunika ntchito;
(2) dongosolo khola, kotero kuti workpiece m'kupita kwa ntchito okhazikika sizichitika structural kusintha, kuti bata kalembedwe ndi kukula kwa workpiece;
Kupanikizika kwamkati mkati mwa workpiece kumatha kuchepetsedwa kapena kuthetsedwa kuti muchepetse mapindikidwe ake ndikupewa kusweka.