Mbale yakhungu yakhungu amatchedwanso wakhungu wakhungu, dzina lenileni lakhungu lakhungu. Ndi mawonekedwe olumikiza a Flange. Chimodzi mwazinthu zake ndikutchinga kumapeto kwa mapaipi, ndipo winayo ndikuwongolera kuchotsa zinyalala pa mapaipi omwe amakonzedwa. Pakadali pano momwe mungasatsitsire zimakhudzidwa, zimakhudzanso mutu ndi kapu ya chubu. Koma palibe njira yosinthira mutu, ndipo mbale yakhungu imakhazikika ndi ma bolts, osavuta kwambiri. Chitsulo cham'khungu ndi chitsulo cha kaboni, alloy chitsulo, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, pulasitiki ndi zina zotero. Mfuti yolimba yakhungu imagwiritsidwa ntchito posindikiza kumapeto kwa mapaipi, kuphatikizapo mbale yowetayi ndi chivundikiro chowala (chivundikiro chowala chimakhomedwa). Chophimba champhamvu ndi mbale yolimba, ndipo njira yakhungu sikuti ndi mawonekedwe akhungu okha, komanso mbale yowoneka bwino, mbale yowumayo yakhungu.

Pofuna kuyaka ufa wakhungu, pali mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zikufunika kuyang'aniridwa m'pangidwe: Mapangidwe oyenera a chimphepo chamkuntho, apange chipongwe chofewa momwe mungathere, kuti muchepetse vuto la chimphepo chamkuntho. Malinga ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito, kusankha koyenera kwa zinthu zakuthupi komanso kapangidwe ka masiketi m'lifupi mwake, kuchepetsa bolt kukongoletsa; Kusankha koyenera kwa nkhani ya bolt, yolunjika m'mimba ndi nambala ya bolt, ndipo mtengo wa bolt pakati pa boloni wozungulira pang'ono momwe mungathere; Kusankha Koyenera kwa Zida Zoyaka, mapangidwe owongoka kuyenera kukhala momwe angathere kuti akwaniritse zovuta zonse, kuti akwaniritse zonse zotetezeka komanso zowononga ndalama.
Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha zomangamanga zapakhomo, kuyesa kwa mapaipi kwakhala kovuta. Asanayambe komanso atapanikizika, gawo lililonse la mapaipi liyenera kusesa ndi mpira, nthawi zambiri pamakanikisidwe, zimakhala zovuta kuyeretsa madzi omwe amasungidwa pa mapaipi, motero nthawi zoyeretsedwa zidzakhala zochulukirapo.