Zopangirapambuyo quenching, martensite ndi anapitiriza austenite ndi wosakhazikika, ali mowiriza bungwe kusintha azimuth kukhazikika, monga supersaturated mpweya mu martensite precipitate otsalira austenite kuwola pofuna kulimbikitsa kusintha, monga kwa tempering kupsya mtima ndi sanali Equilibrium bungwe. kulinganiza machitidwe a bungwe, njirayi imadalira kusamuka kwa atomiki ndi kufalikira kwa chilolezo ichi pamodzi ndi anamaliza kutentha moto ndi apamwamba, mofulumira kufalitsa liwiro; M'malo mwake, ndi kuwonjezeka tempering kutentha, quenching dongosolo la forgings adzakumana angapo kusintha. Malinga ndi momwe kusintha kwa microstructure, kutentha kumagawidwa m'magawo anayi: kuwonongeka kwa martensite, kuwonongeka kotsalira kwa austenite, kukula kwa carbide ndi recrystallization ya ferrite.
Gawo loyamba (200)
(1) kupangakutentha martensite kuwola pansi 80 kutentha kutentha, kuzimitsa zitsulo popanda Ming S bungwe kusintha, kupezeka kwa mpweya mu martensite pang'ono chabe, ndipo palibe amayamba kusweka mu 80-200 kutentha, martensite akuyamba kuwola, precipitate carbides wochenjera kwambiri, kuchepetsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka martensite m'mafakitale a kaboni panthawiyi, chifukwa cha kutentha pang'ono, mpweya wa martensitic ndi gawo limodzi lokha. maatomu a carbon supersaturated, kotero akadali kaboni mu - Fe supersaturated solid solutionMvula ya carbide yabwino kwambiri imagawira mofanana mu matrix a martensite. Mapangidwe osakanikirana a Martensite otsika kwambiri komanso carbide yabwino kwambiri amatchedwa tempered Martensite.
(2)kupangakutentha mu gawo lachiwiri (200-300), otsalira austenite kuwonongeka pamene kutentha ananyamuka kwa 200-300, kuwonongeka kwa martensite anapitiriza, koma kusintha kwakukulu ndi yotsalira austenite kuvunda kwa otsalira austenite kuvunda anali kudzera kukula kwa maatomu mpweya. kupanga gawo laling'ono, kenako ndikuwonongeka kukhala gawo la alpha ndi kusakaniza kwa bungwe la carbide, ndiko kuti mapangidwe bainite zitsulo kuuma si mwachionekere kuchepa pa siteji iyi
(3)Gawo lachitatu (250-400) la kusintha kwa carbide la forging tempering lili mu kutentha uku. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, mphamvu ya kufalikira kwa ma atomu a Carbon ndi yamphamvu, kufalikira kwa maatomu achitsulo komanso, martensite amawola kusintha kwa mpweya wa carbides ndi kuwonongeka kotsalira kwa austenite kudzasinthidwa kukhala simenti yokhazikika ndikulekanitsa ndi kusintha kwa ma carbides, kuchepa. wa martensite mu kagawo kakang'ono ka carbon, martensite lattice kupotoza kutha, kusintha kwa martensitic kwa ferrite, kupeza ferritic masanjidwewo kugawa mkati yaing'ono granular kapena lamellar simenti ya bungwe, bungwe lotchedwa tempering kwenikweni anathetsa gawoli austenite quenching nkhawa, kuuma, plasticity kulimba anali bwino.
(4)Gawo lachinayi la kupanga kutentha (& GT; 400) linakula carbide yomwe inasonkhanitsidwa ndikukonzanso ferrite chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, maatomu a carbon ndi chitsulo ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, gawo lachitatu la mapangidwe a cementite flakes adzapitirizabe spheroidizing ndikukula. kupitilira 500-600, alpha recrystallization imachitika pang'onopang'ono, imataya kapangidwe ka ferrite ya mbale yoyambirira kapena pepala, ndi mawonekedwe. polygon tirigu kugawa pa bungwe monga ferritic masanjidwewo granular carbides, gulu lotchedwa tempering sorbite tempered sorbite ndi zabwino mabuku mawotchi katundu wa gawo ndi lattice kupotoza kuthetsa nkhawa mkati.
(kuyambira 168 kukopa ukonde)
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2020