1. Beryllium oxide:beryllium oxide ọ bụghị naanị na-efunahụ ọtụtụ ígwè, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata ogo elu nke forgings na ndụ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ.ịgha anwụ. Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ya n'ime igwe, iheforgingsa ga-ekpochapụ. Ọdịda iwepu beryllium oxide ga-emetụta usoro ntụgharị.
2. Ntọhapụ:Decarburization na-ezo aka n'ihe na-eme na ọkụ na-agbanyụ ihe niile ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke carbon dị n'elu ígwè. Decarburization na-eme ka elu nke workpiece pụta ìhè dị nro, belata ike nke elu, na-eyi nguzogide na ike ike ọgwụgwụ.
3. Okpomọkụ na oke ọkụ:Overheat na-ezo aka nchara na kpo oku karịrị ekwe okpomọkụ, nke mere na ọka ibu nke keadighi rarii. Okpomọkụ adịghị mma ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ, nke mere na forgings na-aghọ kenkuwa na n'ibu Njirimara na-ebelata, ma enwere ike ikpochapụ site normalizing ma ọ bụ annealing mgbe.ịgha ụgha. Nri oke ọkụ na-ezo aka na ihe oxides ma ọ bụ mgbaze nke ọla n'ihi oge ikpo ọkụ na-adị ogologo na okpomọkụ dị oke elu. Enweghị ike imezi ahụ ọkụ ahụ.

4. Nchegbu:n'ihi ọdịiche dị n'etiti ime na n'èzí nke ígwè ahụ, mgbasawanye na-adịghị mma, a na-emepụta nrụgide dị n'ime, nke a na-akpọ nrụgide okpomọkụ. Mgbanwe usoro nke nhazi metallographic kpatara site na ikpo ọkụ na-akpatakwa nchekasị, nke a na-akpọ nrụgide microstructure. Nke a ga-eme ka workpiece ke kpo oku mgbawa, na-eme ka workpiece mgbe ụgbọ ala nhazi mgbawa na scrap.
5. Ọkpụkpụ n'akụkụ obe:Nrụrụ a na-emebi ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ na ịdị n'otu microstructure nke ígwè ahụ, na-ebelata ike imenyụ ọkụ ma na-emebi akụrụngwa akụrụngwa. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ dị oke elu ma na-akpata ngalaba graphite, ọ gaghị adị mfe ịkpụ na ịkwụsị ikpo ọkụ na nrụrụ. Ma ọ bụrụ na annealing n'okpuru okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ obere okpomọkụ, pearlite enweghị ike mezue zuru ụwa ọnụ, bụ adịghị mma igbutu na ụdi okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ.
6. carbide ntupu siri ike na nke na-agbaji agbaji: ọ na-ebelata ike nkekọ n'etiti kristal ihe onwunwe, na n'ibu Njirimara budata njọ, karịsịa mmetụta siri ike na-ebelata, ma nwere ike mma ma ọ bụ kpochapụ site normalizing. Ọ bụrụ na e nwere banded carbide, ọ ga-eme ka ike na Ọdịdị nke quenching na tempering na-ezighị ezi, na mfe deformation, nke bụkwa ntụpọ nke banded Ọdịdị nke pearlite na ferrite tinyere ntụziaka nke nhazi deformation. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ ga-ebelatakwa plasticity na ike nke ígwè, nke mere na machining size adịghị eguzosi ike, ngwa ngwa na-eyi ngwá ọrụ.