Loj castings thiabforgingsua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, kev tsim tsheb, kev tsim nkoj, chaw nres tsheb fais fab, kev lag luam riam phom, hlau thiab hlau tsim thiab lwm yam. Raws li qhov tseem ceeb heev, lawv muaj qhov ntim loj thiab qhov hnyav, thiab lawv cov tshuab thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog siv tom qab smelting ingot,forginglos yog rov melting casting, los ntawm high-frequency cua sov tshuab kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau cov duab loj thiab cov kev cai, kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm nws cov kev pab cuam. Vim tias nws cov yam ntxwv thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm, muaj qee yam kev txawj siv rau ultrasonic qhov tsis pom kev ntawm casting thiab forging qhov chaw.
I. Ultrasonic tshuaj xyuas ntawm casting
Vim lub ntxhib grain loj, tsis zoo suab permeability thiab tsis tshua muaj teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv ntawm lub casting, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev soj ntsuam qhov tsis xws luag los ntawm kev siv lub suab beam nrog lub suab nrov nrov zog nyob rau hauv lub propagation ntawm lub casting, thaum nws ntsib lub sab hauv. nto los yog tsis xws luag, qhov tsis xws luag yog pom. Tus nqi ntawm lub zog ntawm lub zog yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees thiab cov khoom ntawm sab hauv los yog qhov tsis xws luag nrog rau cov acoustic impedance ntawm lub cev zoo li no. Yog li ntawd, lub zog ntawm lub zog ntawm ntau yam tsis xws luag lossis sab hauv tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, phab ntsa thickness lossis qhov tob ntawm qhov tsis xws hauv qab. Ultrasonic kuaj raws li kev siv dav siv tsis zoo txhais tau tias, nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog: kev tshawb pom siab, tuaj yeem ntes cov kab nrib pleb zoo; Nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau qhov loj, tuaj yeem ntes cov ntu tuab. Nws cov kev txwv tseem ceeb yog raws li hauv qab no: nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev txhais cov ntsiab lus waveform ntawm disconnection defect nrog complex contour loj thiab tsis zoo directivity; Cov txheej txheem sab hauv uas tsis xav tau, xws li cov nplej loj, microstructure, porosity, cov ntsiab lus suav nrog lossis cov dej xau zoo, kuj cuam tshuam kev txhais lus waveform. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau siv rau cov qauv ntsuas ntsuas.

2.forging ultrasonic soj ntsuam
(1)Forging uathiab tej yam tsis xws luag
Forgingsyog ua los ntawm kub steel ingot deformed los ntawmforging. Covtxheej txheem forgingsuav nrog cua sov, deformation thiab txias.Forgingsqhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov tsis xws luag,forging tsis xws luagthiab kho cua sov tsis xws luag. Casting defects feem ntau suav nrog shrinkage residual, xoob, suav nrog, tawg thiab lwm yam.Forging tsis xws luagfeem ntau suav nrog folding, qhov chaw dawb, tawg thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab tsis xws luag ntawm kev kho cua sov yog tawg.
Shrinkage kab noj hniav residual yog lub shrinkage kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv lub ingot nyob rau hauv forging thaum lub taub hau tsis txaus nyob twj ywm, ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm forgings.
Loose yog lub ingot solidification shrinkage tsim nyob rau hauv lub ingot yog tsis ntom thiab qhov, forging vim tsis muaj forging piv thiab tsis tag nrho yaj, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ingot chaw thiab lub taub hau. e
Inclusion muaj internal inclusion, external non-metallic inclusion and metal inclusion. Inclusions nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau yog concentrated nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab lub taub hau ntawm lub ingot.
Cov kab nrib pleb muaj xws li casting kab nrib pleb, forging cov kab nrib pleb thiab kev kho cua sov tawg. Intergranular tawg nyob rau hauv austenitic hlau yog tshwm sim los ntawm casting. Kev kho tsis zoo thiab kev kho cua sov yuav tsim cov kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw lossis cov tub ntxhais ntawm forging.
Cov ntsiab lus dawb yog cov ntsiab lus hydrogen siab ntawm cov forgings, txias sai heev tom qab forging, yaj hydrogen hauv cov hlau lig dhau mus, ua rau tawg los ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau. Cov pob dawb feem ntau yog nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov forging. Cov pob dawb ib txwm tshwm sim hauv pawg hauv cov hlau. x-H9 [:
(2) Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm txoj kev nrhiav qhov tsis haum
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav qhov tsis zoo, forging qhov tsis pom kev tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv raw khoom tsis pom kev thiab kev tsim khoom, kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab kev tshuaj xyuas hauv kev pabcuam.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tsis zoo hauv cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog txhawm rau nrhiav qhov tsis xws luag thaum ntxov kom ntsuas tau raws sijhawm kom tsis txhob muaj kev txhim kho thiab nthuav dav ntawm qhov tsis xws luag uas ua rau scrapping. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom yog los xyuas kom meej cov khoom zoo. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas hauv kev pabcuam yog saib xyuas qhov tsis xws luag uas yuav tshwm sim lossis txhim kho tom qab ua haujlwm, feem ntau yog qaug zog tawg. + 1. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ncej forgings
Cov txheej txheem forging ntawm ncej forgings feem ntau yog raws li kev kos duab, yog li qhov kev taw qhia ntawm feem ntau qhov tsis xws luag yog thaum uas tig mus rau axis. Kev kuaj pom cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm longitudinal yoj ncaj soj ntsuam los ntawm radial kev taw qhia. Xav txog tias qhov tsis xws luag yuav muaj lwm yam kev faib tawm thiab kev taw qhia, yog li cov ncej forging qhov tsis pom kev, yuav tsum tau ntxiv los ntawm kev sojntsuam ncaj nraim axial nrhiav kom tau thiab oblique sojntsuam circumferential nrhiav thiab axial nrhiav.
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas lub ncuav mog qab zib thiab lub tais forgings
Cov txheej txheem forging ntawm ncuav mog qab zib thiab lub tais forgings yog qhov tsuas yog chim siab, thiab kev faib tawm ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yog sib npaug rau lub ntsej muag kawg, yog li nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas qhov tsis xws luag los ntawm kev sojntsuam ncaj nraim ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg.
3. Kev tshuaj xyuas lub tog raj kheej forgings
Cov txheej txheem forging ntawm lub tog raj kheej forging yog chim siab, xuas nrig ntaus thiab dov. Yog li ntawd, kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tsis xws luag yog qhov nyuaj dua li ntawm cov ncej thiab ncuav mog qab zib forgings. Tab sis vim hais tias qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsis zoo ingot raug tshem tawm thaum xuas nrig ntaus, qhov zoo ntawm lub tog raj kheej forgings feem ntau zoo dua. Lub ntsiab kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tsis xws luag tseem nyob rau tib lub cylindrical nto sab nraum lub tog raj kheej, yog li cov cylindrical forgings tseem pom tau los ntawm kev sojntsuam ncaj, tab sis rau cov cylindrical forgings nrog tuab phab ntsa, oblique sojntsuam yuav tsum tau ntxiv.
(3) Kev xaiv qhov kev kuaj pom
Tshawb nrhiav xaiv
ForgingsKev tshuaj xyuas ultrasonic, kev siv lub ntsiab ntawm longitudinal yoj direct sojntsuam, wafer loj ntawm φ 14 ~ φ 28mm, feem ntau siv φ 20mm. Raume me forgings, nti sojntsuam feem ntau yog siv los txiav txim siab qhov ze ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov sib txuas poob. Qee lub sij hawm thiaj li yuav kuaj pom qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov kev kuaj pom saum npoo av, kuj tuaj yeem siv cov kev soj ntsuam k tus nqi rau kev kuaj pom. Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw qhov muag tsis pom thiab thaj chaw ze ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam ncaj qha, ob chav siv lead ua direct sojntsuam feem ntau yog siv los xyuas qhov ze ze qhov tsis xws luag.
Cov nplej ntawm forgings feem ntau yog me me, yog li ntau dua qhov teeb meem nrhiav pom tau raug xaiv, feem ntau yog 2.5 ~ 5.0mhz. Rau ob peb forgings nrog coarse grain loj thiab loj attenuation, thiaj li yuav zam "tsob hav zoov echo" thiab txhim kho teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv, ib tug tsawg zaus, feem ntau 1.0 ~ 2.5mhz, yuav tsum tau xaiv.