⑴ Nto quenching:
Yog qhov saum npoo ntawm cov hlau los ntawm cov cua kub ceev mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub siab saum toj no, tab sis lub tshav kub tsis tau muaj sij hawm kis mus rau cov tub ntxhais ua ntej qhov txias txias, kom cov txheej txheej saum npoo tuaj yeem quenched hauv martensitic cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab cov tub ntxhais tseem tsis tau undergone. theem transformation, uas realizes lub hardening nto thiab cov tub ntxhais tsis hloov. Haum rau nruab nrab carbon steel.

⑵ Kev kho cua sov:
Hais txog cov tshuaj lom neeg atoms, nrog lub peev xwm ntawm atomic diffusion ntawm qhov kub siab, nws mus rau hauv txheej txheej ntawm lub workpiece, hloov cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm txheej txheej ntawm lub workpiece, thiaj li ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau. nrog rau cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm lub koom haum thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov. Raws li hom infiltration ntsiab, tshuaj kho cua sov yuav muab faib ua carburizing, nitriding, cyanidation thiab hlau infiltration txoj cai.
Carburizing: Carburizing yog txheej txheem los ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms nkag mus rau txheej txheej hlau. Nws tseem yog ua kom cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsawg nrog cov pa roj carbon siab zoo txheej txheej, thiab tom qab ntawd tom qab quenching thiab tsis kub tempering, kom cov txheej txheej ntawm lub workpiece muaj siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub workpiece tseem tuav tau. toughness thiab plasticity ntawm tsawg carbon steel.
Nitriding, los yog nitriding, yog cov txheej txheem uas txheej txheej hlau nkag mus rau nitrogen atoms. Lub hom phiaj yog los txhim kho lub hardness thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm txheej txheej thiab txhim kho lub zog qaug zog thiab corrosion kuj. Tam sim no, txoj kev siv roj nitriding yog siv hauv kev tsim khoom.
Cyanidation, tseem hu ua carbonitriding, yog ib txhij infiltration ntawm carbon thiab nitrogen atoms rau hauv hlau. Nws ua rau saum npoo ntawm steel carburizing thiab nitriding yam ntxwv.
Hlau nkag: yog hais txog kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlau atoms rau hauv txheej txheej hlau. Nws yog los ua cov txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau alloying, thiaj li ua rau lub workpiece nto muaj ib co hlau alloy, tshwj xeeb steel yam ntxwv, xws li kub tsis kam, hnav tsis kam, oxidation kuj, corrosion kuj, thiab lwm yam. aluminizing, chromizing, boronizing, silicon thiab lwm yam.