Nyob rau hauv lojkev zam, Thaum zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yog cov khoom tsis zoo lossis forging tsis yog nyob rau lub sijhawm, Forging cov nrib pleb yog feem ntau yooj yim tshwm sim.
Cov hauv qab no qhia tau ntau kis ntawm kev zam txim tawg los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo.
(1)Kev zamCov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm Ingot tsis xws luag

Feem ntau ntawm kev ingot tsis xws luag yuav ua rau tawg thaum nco qab, raws li muaj nyob hauv daim duab, uas yog lub central tawg ntawm 2cr13 ntxaiv forging.
Qhov no yog vim hais tias qhov ntsuas kub crystallization yog nqaim thiab kab shrinkage coefficier loj thaum 6t ingot soliorifies.
Vim tias tsis txaus ntseeg thiab shrinkage, loj qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud, uas tau txuas ntxiv thaum ua kom tau txais kev zam rau hauv qhov ntxaiv forging.

Qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem tshem tawm los ntawm:
(1) txhawm rau txhim kho cov kev coj dawb huv ntawm Molten Steel smelting;
(2) ingot txias maj mam, txo cov cua sov;
(3) Siv cov neeg tsav dav dav dav dav thiab cov kaus mom rwb thaiv tsev, nce qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev caw shrinkage;
(4) siv lub chaw nruab nrab kev sib dhos ua ke cov txheej txheem.

(2)Kev zamCov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm cov nag lossis daus ntawm cov teeb meem impurities hauv cov hlau raws cov ciaj ciam av.

Cov leej faj hauv cov hlau feem ntau precipitated raws cov qoob loo nplej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fes, uas nws tau melting point tsuas yog 982 ℃. Ntawm forging kub ntawm 1200 ℃, tus fes ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov nplej, uas yuav rhuav tshem cov hmoov nplej kua txiv, thiab cov tawg yuav tshwm sim tom qab quav yeeb.

Thaum tooj liab muaj nyob hauv cov hlau yog rhaub rau hauv ib qho chaw peroxidation ntawm 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, vim tias xaiv oxidation, chaw tooj liab-nplua nuj yuav tsim nyob rau saum npoo txheej. Thaum lub solubility ntawm tooj liab hauv austenite tshaj li ntawm tooj liab, tooj tau faib rau hauv daim ntawv zaj duab xis ntawm grainary, sib sau tooj liab brittleness thiab tsis muaj peev xwm forged.
Yog tias muaj tin thiab antimony nyob rau hauv steel, lub solubility ntawm tooj liab hauv Austenite yuav raug txo qhov loj, thiab cov kev sib tw embritthlement yuav muaj kev sib zog.
Vim yog cov ntsiab lus tooj liab tseem ceeb, ntawm cov hlau tsis lees paub yog xaiv los ntawm kev lom zem ua kom zoo nkauj, yog li tus tooj tawg tau ua raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo nkauj

(3)Forging Cracktshwm sim los ntawm heterogeneous theem (theem ob)

Cov neeg kho tshuab ntawm theem ob hauv cov hlau feem ntau sib txawv ntawm cov hlau sib txawv, yog li kev ntxhov siab ntxiv yuav ua rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tag nrho kom txo qis thaum deformation ntws. Thaum kev ntxhov siab hauv zos ntau dhau lub zog sib zog ntawm cov theem heterogeneous thiab lub matrix, kev sib cais yuav tshwm sim thiab lub qhov yuav tsim.
Piv txwv li, cov oxides, Nitrides, carbides, ciam teb, sulfides, silicates thiab li ntawm hauv hlau.
Cia peb hais cov theem no tseem ntom.
Saw faib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raws cov txiv kab ntxwv sib cog lus qhov twg lub zog tsis muaj zog muaj zog, forging kub yuav tawg.
Cov macroscopic morphology ntawm forging nras tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab ke zoo ntawm 207t kev ua haujlwm tau oxidized thiab nthuav tawm raws li polyhedral kem muaj muaj muaj qab hau polyhedals.
Kev tsom xam ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav pom tias kev lom zem tawg yog cuam tshuam nrog cov roj zoo ntawm cov nplej zoo ib yam li cov ciam av uas muaj nag.

Lub countermeasures rauTiv thaiv kom thuamtshwm sim los ntawm nag lossis daus ntawm txhuas nitride raws cov siv lead ua yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Txwv tus nqi ntawm txhuas ntxiv rau hlau, tshem tawm cov nitrogen los ntawm cov hlau lossis inhibit aln nag lossis los ntawm kev ntxiv titanium;
2. Txais yuav cov khoom xa tuaj kub thiab cov theem supercooled hloov pauv;
3. Nce cov cua kub pub kub (> 900 ℃) thiab ncaj qha kub Forging;
4. Ua ntej Forging, homogenization txaus analing yog nqa tawm kom cov nplej zom zaws nag los nag dolusion.