ʻO ka loiloi o ka mīkini hana o ka indicement crack e hana ana i ke kumu nui o ka crack,ʻo ia ka kumu kumu no kaʻikeʻana. Hiki ke nānā i ka he nui e kala aku i ka hoʻololiʻana i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻohuhihiʻiaʻo keʻano o nā mea hao kīwī.

1

Ma ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana i ka mokulele, aʻo ia keʻano o ke alahaka, a me keʻano nui a me ka nui ʻO ka hana hoʻomohalaʻana o nā pale o Macro-E hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO kēia mau huahelu koʻikoʻi ma ka papahele deformition he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻopiʻi nuiʻia ka pae deformation. ʻO kēiaʻano o ka crack ka mea maʻamau a iʻole transgranuular a iʻole nā ​​mea i hoʻopiliʻia, akā no ka mea he kiʻekiʻe o keʻano o keʻano o keʻano. He maʻalahi keʻano o ka cleck e hoʻoponopono, i ka pae kiʻekiʻe kūpono, he kūlana haʻahaʻa loa keʻano o ka deformation,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā hana macrovalomic.

2. Nā mea hana raw me nā mea uneven mechanism a me nā hiʻohiʻona.

No nā mea me nā mea like me nā mea likeʻole a me nā waiwai, nā mea i hana pinepineʻia ma nā palena palaoa a me nāʻaoʻao phase. ʻO kēia no ka mea ua laweʻia ka deformation e pili ana i ka mahana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o nā mea i like me nā kumumanaʻo. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka palena palaoa, he nui loa ka palena o ka palaoa, no laila he nui nā kumukūʻai o nā waiwai metallggina, he mau meaʻona a me nā meaʻole o ka lua o keʻano. Ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe,ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma nā palena o nā huapalapala o kekahi mau mea e hoʻohālikelike ai

Ho'ēmi i ka manaʻo o ka plastics o nā mea hao; Ma ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, kekahi mau mea nui (sulfur, keleawe, etc.) i loko o ka palena o ka lua o ka lua . ^. No nā mea'ē aʻe, ua hōʻehaʻia nā mea kaua a me nā mea haoʻole i kekahi mau hana no nāʻano likeʻole o nā mea likeʻole o nāʻanoʻelua.

Ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia nā mea waiwai i nā mea maʻamau i ke kalaʻanaʻaʻole he symmetrical maʻamau. No laila, ke kīlei nā ke kalaʻana o nā mea kūʻai manuahi a me nā mea hoʻomohala i ka palena paʻapaʻa a iʻole ka palena o ka laulā palaoa ke kala nei.