ʻO ka nui o ka palaoa e pili ana i ka nui o ka palaoa i loko o kahi aniani nui. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka palaoa e ka ʻāpana awelika a i ʻole ke anawaena awelika o ka palaoa. Hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka palaoa e ka nui o ka palaoa i ka hana ʻoihana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka palaoa maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Wahi a ka ʻatikala aʻe, manaʻolana wau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka nui o ka palaoa o nā forgings. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au i kamaʻāina i ka nui o ka palaka, a laila ʻaʻole pono mākou e ʻike nui e pili ana i ka nui o ka palaoa.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka plastic o nā forgings e uhaʻi i nā kristal dendritic kumu mua a he hopena koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaoa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia kahi kaʻina hana recrystallization i ka wā o ka deformation plastic i ka wela kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā kiʻekiʻe wela ka plastic deformation, ka nui o ka palaoa o kanā kalaiwama hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka recrystallization e ka mahana, deformation deformation a me ka wikiwiki. No laila, ka nui o ka palaoa onā kalaiwaʻokoʻa ka loaʻa ʻana e nā kaʻina hana forging like ʻole.

ʻO nā ʻano mechanical nui o ka forgings me nā ʻanoʻano koʻikoʻi, ʻo ko lākou plasticity a me ka paʻakikī he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka poʻe me nā kīʻaha maikaʻi. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela ʻaʻole ia wale nō ka hana a me ke kumu kūʻai, akā paʻakikī loa a hiki ʻole i kekahi mau mea hao. No laila, ka mea kūponoke kalaiwa anaPono e hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana o kekahi mau māka kila e like me ka recrystallization diagram o ka hana wela.
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana forging, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka palaoa o nā forgings ma hope o ka recrystallization. No laila, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka mahana forging hope e like me ka hiki ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa ma lalo o ke kūlana ʻaʻole e hana nā forgings i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa forging crack. Eia naʻe, he mea paʻakikī loa i nā forgings nui e hōʻoia i ka like haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hope forging wela ma nā wahi a pau o ka hoʻokahi forging. Hiki ke hana i kēia me ka ʻike a me ke akamai o nā limahana haku.
I kekahike kalaiwa anaka mahana, aia kahi pae deformation koʻikoʻi. Ke komo ka deformation deformation i loko o kēia pae, ʻo ka ʻai i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia o ka fhui ʻanaʻano koʻikoʻi. No laila, ʻo ka deformation o ka deformation i ka wā forging, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke ahi hope loa, pono e pale ʻia i loko o ka deformation koʻikoʻi o ka deformation.
ʻAʻole ʻaʻahu ka palaoa e pili ana i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka palaoa forging grain he ʻokoʻa loa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau ʻāpana. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka nui ʻole o ka palaoa ʻo ia ka deformation ʻole o ka billet e ʻokoʻa ai ka deformation deformation o ka palaoa, a i ʻole ka deformation deformation o ka wahi kūloko e hāʻule i ka wahi deformation koʻikoʻi, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hana kūloko o ka superalloy, a i ʻole ka kūloko. ka nui o ka palaoa i ke kinai a me ka wela. ʻO nā kila pale wela a me nā superalloys e pili pono i ka inhomogeneity o ka palaoa. ʻO ka nui ʻole o ka palaoa e hoʻemi i ka hana paʻa a me ka luhi o nā forgings.
Hōʻike nui kēia ʻatikala e pili ana i ka nui o nā palaka. Manaʻo wau e kōkua ia iā ʻoe.