ʻO ka mea mua, ma mua o ke koho ʻana i ka drill, e nānā i ka stainlesshili kilaHe aha ka paʻakikī o ka hana? E ʻike i ka paʻakikī hiki ke pololei loa, wikiwiki loa e ʻike i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka bit drill. He aha nā pilikia i lokoili kila kuhiliʻolehana ana? Pahi lāʻau pōkole: ikaika a paʻakikī hoʻi ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻana i ka wela. Ke kahe ka puʻupuʻu ikaika ma ka ʻili pahi mua, e hoʻouka i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, fusion welding a me nā mea pipili ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ka ʻōlinolino o nā ʻāpana hana; He paʻakikī ka hana.

I ka ai ana onā lehelehe nui, nui nā kumu e pili ana i ka hana onā lehelehe nui, ʻo ka mea ma lalo nei mākou e ʻōlelo nei i kekahi mau mea maʻamau, ʻo ka mua ka mahana annealing (ʻo ka mahana annealing ka palena wela o ka primer a me ka template pakahi, inā he 50 pakeneka o ka primer a me ke kaʻina hoʻohui ka mahana o nā molekole DNA kaulua.
He mea nui ia e pili ana i KA SPECIFICITY o PCR. I ka hihia o ka ambition, he haʻahaʻa loa ka mahana annealing e hōʻoia i ka pono o ka primer no ke kinai ʻana me ke kaʻina pahuhopu, a me ke kiʻekiʻe e hui pū ai e hōʻemi i ka mea kikoʻī ʻole, kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka mahana annealing kūpono mai 55 a hiki i 70 ka mea maʻamau i hoʻonohonoho ʻia he 5 haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka Tm o ka primer.