1. ʻO ke kaʻina hana forging e pili ana i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea i ka nui i makemake ʻia, ka hoʻomehana ʻana, ka hana ʻana, ka mālama wela, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ka nānā ʻana. Ma ka hana lima liʻiliʻi, hana ʻia kēia mau hana āpau e kekahi mau mea hana forging me nā lima a me nā lima i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou a pau i ka pōʻino like ʻole a me nā pōʻino ʻoihana; Ma nā hale hana forging nui, ʻokoʻa nā pōʻino ma muli o ke kūlana hana. ʻOiai ʻokoʻa nā kūlana hana ma muli o ke ʻano forging, kaʻana like lākou i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau: ka hana kino ikaika, ka microclimate maloʻo a me ka wela, ka walaʻau a me ka haʻalulu, a me ka pollution ea ma muli o ka uahi.

2. Hōʻike ʻia ka poʻe hana i ka ea wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka radiation thermal, e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wela ma ko lākou kino. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka wela a me ka wela metabolic hiki ke hana i nā maʻi hoʻohemo wela a me nā loli pathological. E ʻokoʻa ka hoʻopuka hou ʻana o ka hana 8 hola ma muli o ke kinoea liʻiliʻi, hoʻoikaika kino, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka wela, ma ke ʻano maʻamau mai 1.5 a 5 lita, a ʻoi aku paha. Ma nā hale hana hana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma kahi mamao mai nā kumu wela, ʻo ka helu helu koʻikoʻi wela o Beher ma waena o 55 a me 95; Akā i loko o nā papa hana hoʻoheheʻe nui, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi hana kokoke i ka umu wela a i ʻole ka mīkini hāmare e like me 150-190. E maʻalahi ka paʻakai a me ka wela. I ke kau anuanu, hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i nā loli i ka microclimate kaiapuni ke hoʻoikaika i kona hiki ke hoʻololi i kekahi ʻano, akā ʻo ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻololi pinepine ʻana i kahi pōʻino olakino.

ʻO ka pollution o ka ea: Loaʻa paha i ka ea ma kahi hana ka uahi, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, a i ʻole acrolein, ma muli o ke ʻano a me nā haumia o ka wahie umu wela, a me ka pono o ka puhi ʻana, ka ea, a me nā kūlana ea. ʻO ka walaʻau a me ka haʻalulu: ʻO ka hāmare forging e hoʻopuka i ka leo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻalulu, akā aia kekahi mau mea alapine kiʻekiʻe, me nā pae kani kani ma waena o 95 a me 115 decibels. ʻO ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā limahana i ka hana ʻana i nā haʻalulu hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka naʻau a me nā pilikia hana, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hiki ke hana a pili i ka palekana.