Manyan wasan kwaikwayo daƙirƙirasuna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kera kayan aikin injin, kera motoci, ginin jirgi, tashar wutar lantarki, masana'antar makami, masana'antar ƙarfe da ƙarfe da sauran fannoni. A matsayin sassa masu mahimmanci, suna da babban girma da nauyi, kuma fasahar su da sarrafa su suna da rikitarwa. Tsarin da aka saba amfani dashi bayan smelting ingot,ƙirƙirako sake narkar da simintin gyare-gyare, ta hanyar babban injin dumama don samun girman siffar da ake buƙata da buƙatun fasaha, don saduwa da bukatun yanayin sabis. Saboda halayen fasaha na sarrafawa, akwai wasu ƙwarewar aikace-aikacen don gano lahani na ultrasonic na simintin gyare-gyare da ƙirƙira sassa.
I. Ultrasonic dubawa na simintin gyaran kafa
Saboda girman ƙwayar hatsi, ƙarancin sauti mara kyau da ƙarancin siginar-zuwa-amo na simintin gyare-gyare, yana da wahala a gano lahani ta hanyar amfani da sautin sauti tare da ƙarfin sauti mai yawa a cikin yaduwar simintin, lokacin da ya ci karo da na ciki. saman ko lahani, an sami lahani. Adadin kuzarin sauti da aka nuna aiki ne na jagorar kai tsaye da kaddarorin saman ciki ko lahani da kuma raunin sauti na irin wannan jikin mai nuni. Sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da ƙarfin sauti da aka nuna na lahani daban-daban ko saman ciki don gano wurin da lahani, kaurin bango ko zurfin lahani a ƙarƙashin saman. Gwajin Ultrasonic azaman gwaji mara lahani da ake amfani da shi sosai, babban fa'idodinsa shine: babban ganewar ganewa, yana iya gano fashe mai kyau; Yana da babban ƙarfin shiga, yana iya gano simintin sashe mai kauri. Babban iyakokinsa sune kamar haka: yana da wahala a fassara fasalin raƙuman ruwa da aka nuna na lahani na yanke haɗin gwiwa tare da hadadden kwane-kwane da ƙarancin kai tsaye; Tsarin ciki wanda ba'a so, kamar girman hatsi, ƙaramin tsari, porosity, abun ciki haɗawa ko tarwatsawar hazo mai kyau, kuma suna hana fassarar sigar igiyar ruwa. Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar nuni ga daidaitattun tubalan gwaji.

2.farfaɗo ultrasonic dubawa
(1)Yin sarrafa jabuda lahani na kowa
Forgingsan yi su da ƙarfe mai zafi ingot maras kyau taƙirƙira. Thetsarin ƙirƙiraya haɗa da dumama, nakasawa da sanyaya.Forgingsana iya raba lahani zuwa lahani na simintin gyare-gyare,ƙirƙira lahanida lahani na maganin zafi. Lalacewar simintin gyare-gyare sun haɗa da ragowar raguwa, sako-sako, haɗawa, tsagewa da sauransu.Ƙirƙirar lahaniyafi hada da nadawa, farin tabo, fasa da sauransu. Babban lahani na maganin zafi shine fashewa.
Ragowar rami shine raguwar rami a cikin ingot a cikin ƙirƙira lokacin da kai bai isa ya zauna ba, ya fi kowa a ƙarshen ƙirjin.
Sako da shi ne ingot solidification shrinkage kafa a cikin ingot ba m da ramukan, forging saboda rashin ƙirƙira rabo da kuma ba cikakken narkar da, yafi a cikin ingot cibiyar da kai. e
Haɗin kai yana da haɗin ciki, haɗin waje mara ƙarfe da haɗakar ƙarfe. Abubuwan ciki na ciki sun fi mayar da hankali ne a tsakiya da kuma shugaban ingot.
Fasassun sun haɗa da tsagewar simintin gyare-gyare, ƙirƙira ƙirƙira da tsagewar maganin zafi. Tsage-tsalle na intergranular a cikin ƙarfe austenitic yana haifar da simintin gyare-gyare. Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira mara kyau da maganin zafi zai haifar da tsagewa a saman ko ainihin abin ƙirƙira.
Farin batu shine babban abun ciki na hydrogen na jabun, yana sanyaya da sauri bayan ƙirƙira, narkar da hydrogen da ke cikin ƙarfe ya makara don tserewa, wanda ke haifar da tsagewa sakamakon matsanancin damuwa. Fararen tabo sun fi mayar da hankali a tsakiyar babban sashin ƙirƙira. Fararen tabo koyaushe suna bayyana a gungu a cikin ƙarfe. x-H9:
(2) Bayanin hanyoyin gano aibi
Dangane da rarrabuwa na lokacin gano aibi, ƙirƙira gano ɓarna za a iya raba shi zuwa gano aibi na ɗanyen abu da tsarin masana'antu, binciken samfur da duba cikin sabis.
Manufar gano lahani a cikin albarkatun ƙasa da tsarin masana'antu shine a gano lahani da wuri domin a iya ɗaukar matakan cikin lokaci don gujewa haɓakawa da faɗaɗa lahani da ke haifar da guntuwa. Manufar binciken samfurin shine don tabbatar da ingancin samfur. Manufar dubawa a cikin sabis shine kula da lahani da ka iya faruwa ko tasowa bayan aiki, galibi fashe gajiya. + 1. Duban kayan ƙirƙira
Tsarin ƙirƙira na juzu'i na shaft ya dogara ne akan zane, don haka daidaitawar mafi yawan lahani yana daidai da axis. Tasirin gano irin wannan lahani shine mafi kyau ta hanyar bincike madaidaiciya madaidaiciyar igiyar ruwa daga hanyar radial. La'akari da cewa lahani za su sami wasu rarrabawa da daidaitawa, don haka shingen ƙirƙira gano lahani, ya kamata kuma a ƙara shi ta hanyar gano madaidaicin axial na bincike da gano yanayin dawafi da gano axial.
2. Binciken biredi da kwano
Tsarin ƙirƙira na kek da jujjuyawar kwano ya fi tayar da hankali, kuma rarraba lahani yana daidai da ƙarshen fuska, don haka ita ce hanya mafi kyau don gano lahani ta hanyar bincike madaidaiciya a ƙarshen fuska.
3. Duban silinda ƙirƙira
Tsarin ƙirƙira na ƙirar silinda yana tayar da hankali, bugawa da birgima. Sabili da haka, daidaitawar lahani ya fi rikitarwa fiye da na shaft da cake forgings. Amma saboda an cire tsakiyar ɓangaren ingot mafi muni lokacin naushi, ingancin ingot ɗin silinda ya fi kyau gabaɗaya. Babban daidaitawar lahani har yanzu yana daidai da saman cylindrical a wajen silinda, don haka ƙirjin silindical har yanzu ana gano shi ta hanyar bincike madaidaiciya, amma ga injunan silindi mai kauri mai kauri, ya kamata a ƙara bincike na wucin gadi.
(3) Zaɓin yanayin ganowa
Zaɓin bincike
Forgingsultrasonic dubawa, babban amfani da a tsaye kalaman kai tsaye bincike, wafer size of φ 14 ~ φ 28mm, fiye amfani φ 20mm. Dominkananan jabu, Ana amfani da binciken guntu gabaɗaya la'akari da filin kusa da asarar haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Wani lokaci don gano lahani tare da wani kusurwa na farfajiyar ganowa, kuma yana iya amfani da takamaiman ƙimar K na binciken da ake son ganowa. Saboda tasirin wurin makafi da kusa da filin filin binciken kai tsaye, ana amfani da binciken kai tsaye na crystal biyu don gano lahani na kusa.
Hatsi na jabu gabaɗaya ƙanana ne, don haka ana iya zaɓar mitar gano kuskure mafi girma, yawanci 2.5 ~ 5.0mhz. Don 'yan ƙirƙira tare da girman ƙwayar hatsi da haɓaka mai mahimmanci, don guje wa "ƙaramar daji" da haɓaka siginar sigina zuwa amo, ƙaramin mitar, gabaɗaya 1.0 ~ 2.5mhz, yakamata a zaɓi.