A cikin manyanKagaji, lokacin da ingancin kayan abinci ba shi da kyau ko mantawa da tsari ba a lokacin da ya dace ba, mvanting cracks sau da yawa don faruwa.
Wadannan yana gabatar da lokuta da yawa na m barka da crack ta haifar da kayan talauci.
(1)KagajiFasa ta haifar da lahani

Yawancin lahani na Ingot na iya haifar da fatattaka lokacin da aka manta, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto, wanda shine tsakiyar crack na 2cr13 spindle m ya ji.
Wannan saboda kewayuwar zafin jiki ya kunkuntar da layin shrinkage mai yawa ne lokacin da 6th atifies.
Saboda rashin isasshen kayan shafawa da kuma banɗen zazzabi tsakanin ciki da waje, an ƙara faɗaɗa lokaci mai ƙarfi a cikin mashin, wanda aka ƙara faɗaɗa da aka kara fadowa ya zama crackle ya kara zama.

Za a kawar da lahani ta hanyar:
(1) Don inganta tsabta na molten karfe mai narkewa;
(2) Ingot sanyaya a hankali, rage damuwa na zafi;
(3) Yi amfani da kyakkyawan wakili da kuma rufin, ƙara ƙarfin cika cika shrinkage;
(4) Yi amfani da tsarin da ke da alaƙa da Cibiyar.

(2)KagajiFasa ya haifar da hazo na cutarwa mai cutarwa a cikin karfe tare da hatsi tare da iyakokin hatsi.

A sulfur a cikin karfe yawanci precipitated tare da hatsi iyakar a cikin nau'i na Fes, wanda ke narkar da batun mai narkewa shine 982 ℃. A cikin miyayi zazzabi na 1200 ℃, fes akan iyakar hatsi zai narke da kuma kewaye da hatsi a cikin irin fim ɗin ruwa, wanda zai lalata kabewa, kuma yana faruwa ne bayan kadan m.

A lokacin da ja ja da ke ƙunshe a cikin karfe yana mai zafi a cikin yanayin haɓaka a cikin 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, saboda zaɓin hadayarsa, wuraren da jan ƙarfe-rics zai zama a farfajiya. Lokacin da ƙila na tagulla ya wuce cewa na tagulla, an rarraba jan ƙarfe a cikin hanyar ruwa, da aka samar da tagulla.
Idan akwai tin da antasony a cikin karfe, warwarewar tagulla za a rage da muhimmanci sosai, kuma hukumomin hukumomi za su iya ƙaruwa sosai.
Saboda abun cikin da aka masarufi na tagulla, farfajiya na ofistaccen abu ne a lokacin masarar da ke cikin jan hankali, da kuma fadada cracking crack da aka gina tare da jan ƙarfe-hakar dadin iyaka.

(3)Ku ƙyale cracklalacewa ta hanyar wani lokaci (kashi na biyu)

The mechanical properties of the second phase in steel are often very different from that of the metal matrix, so the additional stress will cause the overall process plasticity to decrease when the deformation flows. Da zarar ɗan takaicin na gida ya wuce karfi da karfi tsakanin lokaci na heterogeous da matrix, rabuwa zata faru kuma za a kafa ramuka.
Misali, uwan ​​okides, nitries, carbides, borsides, sulfed, silisi da sauransu.
Bari mu faɗi waɗannan matakai suna da yawa.
Rarraba sarkar, musamman tare da iyakar hatsi inda rauni mai rauni ya wanzu, zazzabi mai zafi ya kada ka fasa.
Macroscopic Macroscopic na morroscology na m bagagaggyewa daga cikin acikin enan enan engendy na 20simn karfe da aka oxidized kuma an gabatar da shi azaman lu'ulu'u polyarker.
Binciken microscopic ya nuna cewa abin da ya mabbai mai gamsarwa yana da alaƙa da babban adadin hatsi na hatsi tare a kan iyakar hatsi.

Da countermes zuwahana jin dadilalacewa ta hanyar hazo na aluminum nitride tare da lu'ulu'u sune kamar haka:
1. Iyakance adadin aluminium da aka kara da karfe, cire nitrogen daga ƙarfe ko mai hana alna alna ta ƙara titanium;
2. Ki yarda da isarwa mai amfani da kayan zafi da kuma yanayin ci gaba na lokaci;
3. Itara yawan zafin jiki na abinci (> 900 ℃) da kuma m m ya manta;
4. Kafin ka manta, isasshen ambaliyar homogening ana aiwatar da shi don yin iyakar hanjin ci gaba na lokaci.