Bayan annealing, normalizing, quenching, tempering da surface gyara zafi jiyya, da ƙirƙira iya haifar da thermal magani murdiya.

Tushen ɓarna shine damuwa na ciki na ƙirƙira a lokacin maganin zafi, wato, damuwa na ciki na ƙirƙira bayan maganin zafi ya kasance saboda bambancin yanayin zafi tsakanin ciki da waje da kuma bambancin tsarin canji.

Lokacin da wannan damuwa ya wuce wurin samar da ƙarfe a wani ɗan lokaci yayin maganin zafi, zai haifar da murdiya na ƙirƙira.

Matsalolin ciki da aka samar a cikin tsarin maganin zafi ya haɗa da damuwa na thermal da damuwa canjin lokaci.

1. Thermal danniya
Lokacin da aka yi zafi da sanyaya kayan ƙirƙira, yana tare da al'amuran haɓakar thermal da ƙanƙantar sanyi. Lokacin da saman da ginshiƙi na ƙirƙira ke zafi ko sanyaya a cikin sauri daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da bambancin zafin jiki, faɗaɗa ko ƙaddamar da ƙarar kuma ya bambanta da na saman da ainihin. Damuwar cikin gida da ke haifar da canje-canjen girma daban-daban saboda bambancin zafin jiki ana kiransa damuwa ta thermal.
A cikin aiwatar da maganin zafi, damuwa na thermal na ƙirƙira ya fi bayyana kamar: lokacin da ƙirƙira ya yi zafi, yanayin zafi ya tashi da sauri fiye da ainihin, yanayin zafin jiki yana da girma kuma yana faɗaɗa, babban zafin jiki yana da ƙasa kuma baya faɗaɗa. , a wannan lokacin da damuwa matsa lamba da kuma ainihin tashin hankali danniya.
Bayan diathermy, ainihin zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa kuma ƙirƙira yana faɗaɗa. A wannan gaba, ƙirƙira yana nuna haɓaka ƙarar.
Aiki sanyaya, saman sanyaya sauri fiye da core, surface shrinkage, high zafin jiki na zuciya don hana shrinkage, tensile danniya a kan surface, zuciya samar da matsawa danniya, lokacin da sanyaya zuwa wani zazzabi, saman sun yi sanyi ba kwangila, kuma core sanyaya faruwa saboda ci gaba da ƙanƙancewa, da surface ne matsa lamba danniya, yayin da zuciyar tensile danniya, da danniya a karshen sanyaya har yanzu wanzu a cikin forgings da ake magana a kai a matsayin. saura damuwa.

2. damuwa canjin lokaci

A cikin aiwatar da maganin zafi, yawan taro da ƙarar ƙirƙira dole ne su canza saboda girman da girma na sassa daban-daban sun bambanta.
Saboda bambancin zafin jiki a tsakanin farfajiya da mahimmancin ƙirƙira, sauye-sauyen nama tsakanin farfajiya da mahimmanci ba lokaci ba ne, don haka za a haifar da damuwa na ciki lokacin da yawan ciki da waje da kuma canjin girma ya bambanta.
Irin wannan damuwa na ciki wanda aka haifar da bambancin canjin nama shine ake kira damuwa canjin lokaci.

Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙididdiga na asali na asali a cikin karfe suna karuwa a cikin tsari na austenitic, pearlite, sostenitic, troostite, hypobainite, martensite mai zafi da martensite.
Alal misali, lokacin da ƙirƙira ta ƙare kuma da sauri sanyaya, saman Layer yana canzawa daga austenite zuwa martensite kuma ƙara girma yana fadada, amma har yanzu zuciya tana cikin yanayin austenite, yana hana fadada saman Layer. A sakamakon haka, zuciyar ƙirƙira tana fuskantar damuwa mai ƙarfi, yayin da saman saman yana fuskantar damuwa mai ƙarfi.
Idan ta ci gaba da yin sanyi, yanayin zafin saman ya ragu kuma ba ta ƙara faɗuwa ba, amma ƙarar zuciya ta ci gaba da kumbura yayin da ta canza zuwa martensite, don haka saman yana hana shi, don haka zuciya tana fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa. saman yana fuskantar damuwa mai ƙarfi.
Bayan sanyaya kullin, wannan damuwa zai kasance a cikin ƙirƙira kuma ya zama ɗan damuwa.

Sabili da haka, yayin aikin kashewa da sanyaya, yanayin zafi da damuwa na canjin lokaci sun saba, kuma damuwa biyu da suka rage a cikin ƙirƙira suma sun saba.
Haɗin damuwa na zafin zafi da damuwa canjin lokaci ana kiransa quenching damuwa na ciki.
Lokacin da ragowar damuwa na ciki a cikin ƙirƙira ya wuce wurin samar da ƙarfe na ƙarfe, aikin aikin zai haifar da nakasar filastik, wanda zai haifar da gurɓacewar ƙirƙira.

(daga: 168 forgings net)