Ƙirƙirashine ƙirƙira na ƙarfe da aka shigar a cikin billet tare da guduma ko injin matsa lamba; Dangane da abun da ke tattare da sinadarai, ana iya raba ƙarfe zuwa ƙarfe na carbon da gami karfe.

(1) Bayan baƙin ƙarfe da carbon, sinadarai na carbon karfe kuma yana ɗauke da sinadarai irin su manganese silico, sulfur da phosphorus, daga cikinsu sulfur da phosphorus suna da ƙazanta mai cutarwa. Manganese silico wani sinadari ne na deoxidized wanda aka ƙara zuwa ƙarfe na carbon yayin aikin ƙera ƙarfe. Dangane da daban-daban abun ciki na carbon a cikin carbon karfe, yawanci ana kasu kashi uku masu zuwa:
Ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon: Abubuwan da ke cikin Carbon shine 0.04% -0.25%;
Matsakaicin karfe na carbon: 0.25% -0.55% abun ciki na carbon;
High carbon karfe: abun ciki na carbon fiye da 0.55%
(2) Karfe alloy ana ƙara daya ko da yawa na alloying abubuwa a cikin carbon karfe da tempered karfe irin wannan karfe ƙunshi duka biyu kamar silicon manganese gami abubuwa ko m abubuwa, kuma ya ƙunshi sauran alloying abubuwa, kamar nickel chromium molybdenum vanadium titanium tungsten cobalt aluminum zirconium niobium. da kuma rare earth element da dai sauransu. Bugu da kari, wasu karfen calcium na dauke da boron da nitrogen da dai sauransu. element a karfe, ya kasu kashi uku kamar haka:

Low gami karfe: jimlar alloying kashi abun ciki ne kasa da 3.5%;
Matsakaicin alloy karfe: jimlar abun ciki na alloying shine 3.5-10%;
High gami karfe: jimlar alloying kashi abun ciki ne fiye da 10%
Dangane da adadin nau'ikan abubuwan gami daban-daban da ke cikin ƙarfe na gami, kuma ana iya raba su zuwa binary ternary da ƙari mai yawa gami da ƙari, gwargwadon nau'ikan abubuwan gami da ke cikin ƙarfe, ana iya raba su zuwa ƙarfe na manganese, karfe chromium, boron karfe, silicon karfe, manganese karfe, chromium manganese karfe, molybdenum karfe, chromium molybdenum, tungsten vanadium karfe da sauransu.